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Pentraxin 3 as Biomarker

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General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications

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Abstract

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), a member of the pentraxin superfamily, contains the HxCxS/TWxS pentraxin signature. It is produced by endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages in various tissues in response to the different stimulants including inflammatory signals, Toll-like receptor activation, microbial moieties, or microorganisms. PTX3 has the abilities to interact with several ligands. PTX3 has significant biological roles in the inflammation, the immune system, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and restenosis, and maturation of oocytes. Blood PTX3 levels are reliable predicted long-term mortality. PTX3 levels have been shown to be an independent marker of disease activity. Recently reported translational studies suggest that PTX3 may be a useful biomarker of various human diseases. In particular, the combination of PTX3 and classical biomarkers provides more diagnostic and prognostic value in several clinical conditions, including sepsis, infectious diseases, acute coronary syndrome, and chronic kidney disease. PTX3 may be a novel, promising biomarker that provides useful prognostic information for clinical outcomes in different pathological conditions.

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Abbreviations

C1q:

Complement 1q

C4BP:

C4-Binding Protein

CKD:

Chronic Kidney Disease

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CRP:

C-Reactive Protein

CVD:

Cardiovascular Disease

DCs:

Dendritic Cells

ECM:

Extracellular Matrix

ESRD:

End-Stage Renal Disease

FcγR:

Fcγ Receptor

FGF:

Fibroblast Growth Factor

FGFRs:

FGF Receptors

FH:

Factor H

HA:

Hyaluronan

HCs:

Heavy Chains

HF:

Heart Failure

HSPGs:

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

IFN:

Interferon

Ig:

Immunoglobulin

IL:

Interleukin

IαI:

Inter-Alpha Inhibitor

KpOmpA:

The Outer Membrane of Klebsiella pneumoniae

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MBL:

Mannose-Binding Lectin

MI:

Myocardial Infarction

NP1 or NPTX1:

Neuronal Pentraxin 1

NP2 or NPTX2:

Neuronal Pentraxin 2

NPR:

Neuronal Pentraxin Receptor

OmpA:

Outer Membrane Protein A

ox-LDL:

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein

PTX3:

Pentraxin 3

SAP:

Serum Amyloid P Component

SMCs:

Smooth Muscle Cells

sVCAM-1:

Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1

TLR:

Toll-Like Receptor

TNF:

Tumor Necrosis Factor

TSG-14:

TNF-Inducible Gene 14 Protein

TSG-6:

TNF-α-Stimulated Gene 6

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, General Tevfik Saglam Caddesi, 06018, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey

    Halil Yaman, Emin Ozgur Akgul, Yasemin Gulcan Kurt & Erdinc Cakir

Authors
  1. Halil Yaman
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  2. Emin Ozgur Akgul
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  3. Yasemin Gulcan Kurt
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  4. Erdinc Cakir
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Correspondence to Halil Yaman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. Faculty of Science & Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Yaman, H., Akgul, E.O., Kurt, Y.G., Cakir, E. (2015). Pentraxin 3 as Biomarker. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) General Methods in Biomarker Research and their Applications. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7696-8_3

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