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Adiponectin as Biomarker of Osteoporosis

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Biomarkers in Bone Disease

Abstract

Adiponectin is one of the adipose tissue hormones synthesized and released mainly by mature adipocytes of visceral white adipose tissue. So far, scientific studies have been focused on the effect of adiponectin on regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and its connection to cardiovascular system diseases and diabetes mellitus as well as the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. The latest reports indicate that this hormone is expressed not only on hepatocytes, endothelial cells, skeletal muscles, and central nervous system but also on osteoblasts, as shown by the presence of its specific membrane receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). Based on many reference data, it seems that adiponectin may be a link connecting the metabolism of adipose tissue and bone tissue. Due to its connection to bone turnover markers, it is a potential marker of osteoporosis.

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Abbreviations

5′AMP:

Activated protein kinase 5′

ACC:

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Acrp30:

Adipocyte complement related protein of 30 kDa

AdipoQ:

Adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing

AMPK:

AMP-activated(-related) protein kinase

AN:

Anorexia nervosa

apM1:

Adipocyte most abundant gene transcript 1

BMD:

Bone mineral density

BMI:

Body mass index

BN:

Bulimia nervosa

DHEA-S:

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate

ERA:

Early rheumatoid arthritis

FM:

Fat mass

GBP:

Gastric bypass surgery

GBP28:

Gelatin-binding protein of 28 kDa

GDM:

Gestational diabetes mellitus

GIGT:

Gestational impaired glucose tolerance

GR:

Glucocorticoid receptor

HMW:

High molecular weight complex

IGF-1:

Insulin-like growth factor 1

IGF-2:

Insulin-like growth factor 2

IL-6:

Interleukin 6

LAGB:

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band

LMW:

Low molecular weight trimer-dimer

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemotactic protein

MMP-3, MMP-9:

Matrix metalloproteinase 3 and 9

MMW:

Middle molecular weight

MP:

Metabolic phenotype

NOS2:

Nitric oxide synthase 2

NTG:

Normal glucose tolerance

OA:

Osteoarthritis

OGL:

Oral glucose load

OPG:

Osteoprotegerin

PCOS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

PPAR-α:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

RANK:

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B

RANKL:

Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand

RYGB:

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

SHBG:

Sex hormone binding globulin

SREBP:

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein

T1DM:

Diabetes mellitus type 1

T2DM:

Diabetes mellitus type 2

TAL:

Total adiponectin level

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

UA:

Undifferentiated arthritis

VBG:

Vertical banded gastroplasty

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 54 Żołnierska St., 71-210, Szczecin, Poland

    Anna Lubkowska & Aleksandra Radecka

  2. Institute of Physical Culture, Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Tourism, Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, 2 Sportowa St., 85-091, Bydgoszcz, Poland

    Jan Mieszkowski

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  1. Anna Lubkowska
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  2. Aleksandra Radecka
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  3. Jan Mieszkowski
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Correspondence to Anna Lubkowska .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Lubkowska, A., Radecka, A., Mieszkowski, J. (2017). Adiponectin as Biomarker of Osteoporosis. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Bone Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7693-7_9

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