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Breast Cancer: Serum TPS as a Biomarker

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Biomarkers in Cancer

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Abstract

Cytokeratin tumor markers are traditionally used as serological markers in various epithelial cell-associated carcinomas, such as breast, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancer. Cytokeratin reflects the proliferative activity of tumor cells (Barak et al. 2004).

Tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) is a cytokeratin marker that quantitates a critical epitope structure of peptide in serum associated with human cytokeratin 18. TPS is detected using the monoclonal antibody, M3 (Bonfrer et al. 1994; Rydlander et al. 1996, D' Alessandro et al. 2001). The M3 epitope is related to the proliferative activity of the tumor (O'Hanlon et al. 1996). Since the well-known serum tumor markers in breast cancer, including CA 15-3 and CEA, do not reflect proliferative activity, TPS may be more beneficial as a prognostic indicator.

TPS has consistently been reported as an effective serum marker for providing prognostic information and establishing patient responses to therapy. A main limitation of TPS is that it is not “organ specific,” which impedes diagnostic utility. Additionally, TPS levels are altered according to inflammation conditions, such as liver cirrhosis, ovulation, and menopausal status. Further clinical studies are required to fully establish the clinical utility of TPS, both alone and in combination with other established prognostic markers.

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Abbreviations

CEA:

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

ER:

Estrogen Receptor

HER2:

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2

MCA:

Mucinous Carcinoma-Associated Antigen

NSCLC:

Non-small-Cell Lung Cancer

PR:

Progesterone Receptor

TPA:

Tissue Polypeptide Antigen

TPS:

Tissue Polypeptide-Specific Antigen

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Breast and Endocrine, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Sonpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea

    Dong-Young Noh, Soo Kyung Ahn, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Wonshik Han & Jisun Kim

Authors
  1. Dong-Young Noh
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  2. Soo Kyung Ahn
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  3. Hyeong-Gon Moon
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  4. Wonshik Han
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  5. Jisun Kim
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Correspondence to Dong-Young Noh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine King’s College London, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Scien, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. Faculty of Science & Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Noh, DY., Ahn, S.K., Moon, HG., Han, W., Kim, J. (2015). Breast Cancer: Serum TPS as a Biomarker. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Cancer. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7681-4_37

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