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Immunohistochemistry for Viral Hepatitis: Methods and Applications

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Abstract

Immunohistochemical methods have been used for the diagnosis and management of chronic viral hepatitis. Today their use in clinical practice is more limited. This is due to improvement in diagnostic methods, less need and desire to perform a liver biopsy, and advances in assessment of liver disease severity by noninvasive means. Antibodies developed for immunohistochemistry (IHC) have applications far beyond IHC and are applicable to various methods including ELISA, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting. Such methods have contributed to our understanding of the biology and function of several viral proteins. However, IHC staining may still have a role for the diagnosis and management of some viral hepatitis forms such as HDV and CMV infections. This holds true especially in the posttransplant setting, where IHC is a useful adjunct for the diagnosis and management of active CMV infection and for the assessment of latent HDV infection.

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Abbreviations

CHB:

Chronic hepatitis B

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

HAV:

Hepatitis A virus

HBcAg:

Hepatitis B core antigen

HBeAg:

Hepatitis B early antigen

HBsAg:

Hepatitis B surface antigen

HBV DNA:

Hepatitis b virus DNA

HDAg:

Hepatitis D antigen

HDV RNA:

Hepatitis D virus RNA

IHC:

Immunohistochemistry

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ankara Medical School, Cebeci Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi, Dikimevi, 06100, Ankara, Turkey

    Cihan Yurdaydin

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  1. Cihan Yurdaydin
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Correspondence to Cihan Yurdaydin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Yurdaydin, C. (2017). Immunohistochemistry for Viral Hepatitis: Methods and Applications. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Liver Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7675-3_45

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