Morphology of Polymer Blends

Ougizawa, Toshiaki; Inoue, Takashi

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6064-6_10

Toshiaki Ougizawa³ &
Takashi Inoue⁴

7958 Accesses
6 Citations

Abstract

In this chapter, as a guideline to control the phase separation morphology, the morphology formation mechanism is primarily explained. First the phase diagram and the phase separation mechanism are briefly explained to provide basic knowledge on controlling the morphology of polymer blends. Then, the effect of the shear flow on the phase diagram as a factor that influences the formation of the phase separation morphology is explained and the relation to the morphology control is shown. This is especially important in the polymer processing of polymer blends. Finally, as a control of the phase separation morphology using reactions, reaction-induced phase separation and reactive blending are explained. Because most polymer blends are immiscible, it is necessary to use some methods to obtain polymer blends that show good physical properties. Therefore, these are powerful tools for controlling the morphology in the polymer blends.

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Authors and Affiliations

Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-33, Ookayama, 152-8552, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Toshiaki Ougizawa
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jounan, 992-8510, Yonezawa, Japan
Takashi Inoue

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Toshiaki Ougizawa
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Takashi Inoue
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Correspondence to Toshiaki Ougizawa .

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Editors and Affiliations

Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Boucherville, Québec, Canada
Leszek A. Utracki
Department of Chemistry and Fire Retardant Research Facility, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
Charles A. Wilkie

Notation and Abbreviations

d _s: Spatial dimensionality
G _M: Free energy of mixing
q: Magnitude of scattering vector
R: Gas constant
r: Number of segments in polymer chain
S: Spreading coefficient
T_g: Glass transition temperature
T_m: Melting temperature of crystal
T_s: Spinodal temperature
V: Volume
Γ_i/j: Interfacial tension between i and j
\( \dot{\boldsymbol{\upgamma}} \): Shear rate
θ: scattering angle
Λ_m: Periodic distance
λ: Wavelength of light in the medium
τ: Surface-to-surface interparticle distance
τ _ξ: Characteristic relaxation time
ϕ _i: Volume fraction of component i
χ ₁₂: Binary interaction parameter
ABS: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin
AIBN: α,α′-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
cPC: PC copolymer
c-RIPS: Curing reaction-induced phase separation
DAP: Diallyl phthalate
DCP: Dicumyl peroxide
EGMA: Poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate)
EPR: Ethylene-propylene rubber
EVAc: Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)
LCST: Lower critical solution temperature
LS: Light scattering
MAH: Maleic anhydride
MMA: Methyl methacrylate
NG: Nucleation and growth
OM: Optical microscope
PA4,6: Polyamide (nylon) 4,6
PA-6: Polyamide (nylon) 6
PBT: Poly(butylene terephthalate)
PC: Bisphenol-A polycarbonate
PE: Polyethylene
PES: Poly(ether sulfone)
PLA: Poly(lactic acid)
PMMA: Poly(methyl methacrylate)
PP: polypropylene
PPE: Poly(phenylene ether)
PVME: Poly(vinyl methyl ether)
PPS: Poly(phenylene sulfide)
p-RIPS: Polymerization reaction-induced phase separation
PS: Polystyrene
RIPS: Reaction-induced phase separation
SAN: Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)
SD: Spinodal decomposition
SEBS: Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer
TAC: Triallyl cyanurate
TEM: Transmission electron microscope
UCST: Upper critical solution temperature

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Ougizawa, T., Inoue, T. (2014). Morphology of Polymer Blends. In: Utracki, L., Wilkie, C. (eds) Polymer Blends Handbook. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6064-6_10

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6064-6_10
Published: 27 September 2014
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6063-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-6064-6
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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