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Handbook of Photonics for Biomedical Engineering pp 61–86Cite as

Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Biosensors

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Abstract

Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are newly emerging optical fibers that present a diversity of new features beyond what conventional optical fibers can provide. Owing to their unique geometric structure and light-guiding properties, PCFs show an outstanding potential for microliter- or even nanoliter-volume biosensing purposes. In this chapter we briefly review applications of PCFs for developing compact and robust biosensors. This research subject has recently invoked much attention due to the gradually maturing fabrication techniques of fiber microstructures, as well as development of surface processing technique enabling activation of fiber microstructures with functional materials. Particularly, we consider two sensor types: surface-modified and unmodified PCF biosensors . For the first sensor type, we focus mainly on biomolecule-decorated microstructures and metalized air hole arrays. The sensors functionalized with bioreceptors typically employ fluorescence of dye labels of the targeted biomolecules to track specific events, such as DNA hybridization and protein binding. The metallization of air holes of PCF with nanoscaled film or particle aggregates introduces a new physical phenomenon called surface plasmon effect to further strengthen the optical field that interacts with bio-samples and push-up, which is of great significance for biological analysis at ultra-low concentrations and even at single molecule level. The second sensor type directly relies on light absorption from aqueous bio-samples in the air channels of PCF. To elaborate the contribution of PCF in such sensing operation mode, two sensor implementations are presented in the following and detail the influence of fiber structures on the absorption-based sensing performance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Precision Measurements Group, Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 71 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 638075, Singapore

    Xia Yu, Derrick Yong & Yating Zhang

Authors
  1. Xia Yu
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  2. Derrick Yong
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  3. Yating Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xia Yu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong

    Aaron Ho-Pui Ho

  2. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)

    Donghyun Kim

  3. Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Michael G. Somekh

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Yu, X., Yong, D., Zhang, Y. (2017). Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Biosensors. In: Ho, AP., Kim, D., Somekh, M. (eds) Handbook of Photonics for Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5052-4_8

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