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Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes pp 1481–1488Cite as

Glucosamine-6 Phosphate N-Acetyltransferase (GNPNAT1/GNA1)

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Abstract

UDP-GlcNAc is an essential high-energy donor for oligosaccharide biosynthesis in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota, suggesting the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway has very early origins. Fructose-6P, glutamine, and acetyl-CoA are required substrates, linking the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway to key metabolites of glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipogenesis, and nitrogen cycle. In vertebrates, UDP-GlcNAc is also the precursor to UDP-GalNAc and CMP-NeuNAc synthesis. These nucleotide sugars are utilized as high-energy donor substrates in most of the major pathways of protein glycosylation and glycolipid biosynthesis. UDP-GlcNAc is required in the biosynthesis of the N-glycosylation donor oligosaccharide-pp-dolichol as well as O-GlcNAcylation of cytosolic proteins. Concentrations of UDP-GlcNAc are rate limiting for O-GlcNAcylation (Kreppel and Hart 1999) and also in the Golgi for N-glycan remodeling on glycoproteins produced in the secretory pathway (Sasai et al. 2002).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Joseph and Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Dr. James W. Dennis

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  1. Dr. James W. Dennis
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Correspondence to James W. Dennis .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Naoyuki Taniguchi

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Kochi University, Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan

    Koichi Honke

  3. Sanford Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    Minoru Fukuda

  4. Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

    Hisashi Narimatsu

  5. RIKEN-Max-Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Yoshiki Yamaguchi

  6. Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

    Takashi Angata

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© 2014 Springer Japan

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Dennis, J.W. (2014). Glucosamine-6 Phosphate N-Acetyltransferase (GNPNAT1/GNA1). In: Taniguchi, N., Honke, K., Fukuda, M., Narimatsu, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Angata, T. (eds) Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_148

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