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Physiology, Metabolism, and Enzymology of Thermoacidophiles

Reconstruction of the Central Carbon Metabolic Network of Thermoacidophilic Archaea

  • Reference work entry
Extremophiles Handbook

Introduction

Adaptation and specialization to harsh environments represent hallmarks of members of the Archaea and this was originally, besides the presence of unique metabolic pathways (i.e., methanogenesis), regarded as a typical archaeal feature. However, meanwhile a wide distribution of mostly uncultured members in ordinary habitats such as ocean and lake waters or soil has been proven and Archaea are known to play major roles in the global ecosystems (DeLong 1998; DeLong and Pace 2001; Francis et al. 2005; Leininger et al. 2006).

Some extremophiles survive and thrive at temperatures over 100°C or down to 0°C, in extremely alkaline (around pH 11) acidic waters (pH < 1), extremely saline environments (>30% (w/v) salts), or combinations thereof. Typical environments from which these Archaea have been isolated include rift vents in the deep sea (e.g., black smokers), geysers, hot acidic springs and sulfuric waters, or salt lakes. Life under such extreme conditions requires effective...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Melanie Zaparty (Faculty of Chemistry)

  2. Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry, Biofilm Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstraße, MF Building (MF166),, 47057, Duisburg, Germany

    Bettina Siebers (Faculty of Chemistry)

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Correspondence to Melanie Zaparty .

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  1. Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) Yokohama, Professor Emeritus of Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan

    Koki Horikoshi

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Zaparty, M., Siebers, B. (2011). Physiology, Metabolism, and Enzymology of Thermoacidophiles. In: Horikoshi, K. (eds) Extremophiles Handbook. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53898-1_28

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