Skip to main content

Morbide Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Bariatrische Chirurgie

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Kinderchirurgie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

  • 253 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Die Epidemie der Adipositas hat längst auch Kinder und Jugendliche erreicht und wird damit zu einem ernsthaften medizinischen und gesundheitsökonomischen Problem unserer Gesellschaft. Denn wie bei Erwachsenen kann das übermäßige Fettgewebe zu schwerwiegenden metabolischen und kardiovaskulären Begleiterkrankungen führen. Als metabolisches Syndrom werden fettgewebsassoziierte Begleiterkrankungen zusammengefasst, u. a. eine gestörte Glukosetoleranz oder Insulinresistenz bis hin zum manifester Typ-2-Diabetes (!), Lipidstoffwechselstörungen (Hypertriglyzeridämie, erniedrigtes HDL-Cholesterin) oder eine arterielle Hypertonie. Weitere typische Befunde der (morbiden) Adipositas umfassen die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung sowie Hyperurikämie, orthopädische und/oder psychische Begleiterkrankungen sowie ein Schlaf-Apnoe-Syndrom. Als Therapie der ersten Wahl gelten zweifelsfrei konservative Behandlungen (Lebensstil-Interventionen), die multimodal und strukturiert durchgeführt werden müssen. Dennoch erzielen diese häufig leider keinen nachhaltigen (= langfristigen) Erfolg. Dann (und nur dann) stellt die bariatrische Chirurgie (von griechisch βαρος: Schwere, Gewicht) eine Therapieoption dar. Die Indikationsstellung zur bariatrischen Chirurgie im Jugendalter folgt dabei sehr strengen Kriterien. Da die Eingriffe immer als Hochrisikooperationen zu bewerten sind, sollten diese Patienten ausschließlich durch ein erfahrenes Team an einem spezialisierten Adipositas-Zentrum versorgt werden. Die Operationstechniken sind im Wesentlichen aus der bariatrischen Chirurgie von Erwachsenen übernommen. Das nachfolgende Kapitel diskutiert die aktuellen Leitlinien sowie bisherige Studienergebnisse zur bariatrischen Chirurgie im Kindes- und Jugendalter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Alqahtani AR, Elahmedi MO, Al Qahtani A (2014) Co-morbidity resolution in morbidly obese children and adolescents undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis 10:842–850

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Black JA, White B, Viner RM et al (2013) Bariatric surgery for obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 14:634–644

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn GL, Hu F-B, Hutter M-M (2009) Updated evidence-based recommendations for best practices in weight loss surgery. Obesity 17:839–841

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn GL, Wollner S-B, Jones D-B (2010) Bariatric surgery as treatment for type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 10:261–263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blüher S, Kiess W (2009) Obesity in children and adolescence – epidemiology, causes, treatment and prevention – an European perspective. In: Sinha R, Kapoor S (Hrsg) Obesity: A multidimensional approach to contemporary global issue. Dhanraj Book House, New Delhi, S 24–43. ISBN 978-81-906769-2-2 2009

    Google Scholar 

  • Blüher S, Meigen C, Gausche R et al (2011) Age-specific changes in obesity prevalence in German children over a 10 year period. Int J Pediatr Obes 6(2):e199–e206

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brandt M-L, Harmon C-M, Helmrath M-A et al (2010) Morbid obesity in pediatric diabetes mellitus: surgical options and outcomes. Nat Rev Endocrinol 6:637–645

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buchwald H, Estok R, Fahrbach K et al (2009) Weight and type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 122:248–256.e5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cali A-M, Caprio S (2008) Obesity in children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:31–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chevallier JM (2010) From bariatric to metabolic surgery: 15 years experience in a French university hospital. Bull Acad Natl Med 194:25–36

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Desai NK, Wulkan ML, Inge TH (2016) Update on adolescent bariatric surgery. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am 45(3):667–676

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemein-und Viszeralchirurgie und Chirurgische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Adipositastherapie (CA-ADIP) (2010) S3-Leitlinie Chirurgie der Adipositas. http://www.dgav.de/fileadmin/media/texte_pdf/caadip/leitlinie-chirurgie-der-adipositas_2010-06.pdf. Zugegriffen am 24.08.2018

  • Dixon J-B, O’Brien P-E, Playfair J et al (2008) Adjustable gastric banding and conventional therapy for type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 299:316–323

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Field AE, Austin SB, Taylor CB et al (2003) Relation between dieting and weight change among preadolescents and adolescents. Pediatrics 112:900–906

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fried M, Yumuk V, Oppert JM, Scopinaro N, Torres A, Weiner R, Yashkov Y, Frühbeck G, International Federation for Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders-European Chapter (IFSO-EC), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), European Association for the Study of Obesity Obesity Management Task Force (EASO OMTF) (2014) Interdisciplinary European guidelines on metabolic and bariatric surgery. Obes Surg 24(1):42–55

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hearnshaw C, Matyka K (2010) Managing childhood obesity: when lifestyle change is not enough. Diabetes Obes Metab 12:947–957

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inge TH, Xanthakos S-A, Zeller M-H (2007) Bariatric surgery for pediatric extreme obesity: now or later? Int J Obes 31:1–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Inge TH, Zeller MH, Jenkins TM et al (2014) Perioperative outcomes of adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery: the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) study. JAMA Pediatr 168:47–53

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Inge TH, Courcoulas AP, Jenkins TM, Michalsky MP, Helmrath MA, Brandt ML, Harmon CM, Zeller MH, Chen MK, Xanthakos SA, Horlick M, Buncher CR, Teen-LABS Consortium (2016) Weight loss and health status 3 years after bariatric surgery in adolescents. N Engl J Med 374(2):113–123

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jen HC, Rickard D-G, Shew S-B et al (2010) Trends and outcomes of adolescent bariatric surgery in California, 2005–2007. Pediatrics 126:746–753

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kiess W, Blüher S, Kapellen T (2009) Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: prevalence, public health issue, and time for initiative. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 49:268–271

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kiriakopoulos A, Varounis C, Tsakayannis D, Linos D (2009) Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese patients. Technique and short term results. Hormones 8:138–143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Korenkov M, Sauerland S (2007) Clinical update: bariatric surgery. Lancet 370:1988–1990

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Wabitsch M, Kunze D, Geller F, Geiß HC et al (2001) Percentiles of body mass index in children and adolescents evaluated from different regional German cohorts. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 149:807–818

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lanthaler M, Sieb M, Strasser S, Weiss H, Aigner F, Nehoda H (2009) Disappointing mid-term results after laparoscopic gastric banding in young patients. Surg Obes Relat Dis 5:218–223

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lawson M-L, Kirk S, Mitchel T et al (2006) One-year outcomes of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbidly obese adolescents: a multicenter study from the Pediatric Bariatric Study Group. J Pediatr Surg 41:137–143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone E-H (2010) Surgical treatment of obesity in adolescence. JAMA 303:559–560

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maggard M-A, Shugarman L-R, Suttorp M et al (2005) Meta-analysis: surgical treatment of obesity. Ann Intern Med 142:547–559

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • May AL, Kuklina EV, Yoon PW (2012) Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among US adolescents, 1999–2008. Pediatrics 129(6):1035–1041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Messiah SE, Lopez-Mitnik G, Winegar D et al (2013) Changes in weight and co-morbidities among adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery: 1-year results from the bariatric outcomes longitudinal database. Surg Obes Relat Dis 9:503–513

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien PE, Sawyer SM, Laurie C et al (2010) Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in severely obese adolescents: a randomized trial. JAMA 303:519–526

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Odom J, Zalesin KC, Washington TL et al (2010) Behavioral predictors of weight regain after bariatric surgery. Obes Surg 20:349–356

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK et al (2012) Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1999–2010. JAMA 307:483–490

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulus GF, de Vaan LEG, Verdam FJ et al (2015) Bariatric surgery in morbidly obese adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Surg 25:860–878

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt J-S, Lenders C-M, Dionne E-A et al (2009) Best practice updates for pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obesity 17:901–910

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saltzman E, Karl JP (2013) Nutrient deficiencies after gastric bypass surgery. Annu Rev Nutr 33:183–203

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schauer PR, Burguera B, Ikramuddin S et al (2003) Effect of laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric bypass on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ann Surg 238:467–484

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Schauer PR, Kashyap SR, Wolski K et al (2012) Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med 366:1567–1576

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shi X, Karmali S, Sharma AM, Birch DW (2010) A review of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity. Obes Surg 20:1171–1177

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha R, Fisch G, Teague B et al (2002) Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity. N Engl J Med 346:802–810

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sjöström L (2008) Bariatric surgery and reduction in morbidity and mortality: experiences from the SOS study. Int J Obes 32(Suppl 7):93–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spanakis E, Gragnoli C (2009) Bariatric surgery, safety and type 2 diabetes. Obes Surg 19:363–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Stroh C et al (2008) Studie zur Qualitätskontrolle der operativen Therapie der Adipositas – Ergebnisse der Jahre 2005 und 2006. Zentralbl Chir 133:473–478

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sugerman H-J, Sugerman E-L, DeMaria E-J (2003) Bariatric surgery for severely obese adolescents. J Gastrointest Surg 7:102–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Till H, Blüher S, Hirsch W et al (2008a) Efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as a stand-alone technique for children with morbid obesity. Obes Surg 18:1047–1049

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Till H, Münsterer O-J, Körner A et al (2008b) Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy achieves substantial weight loss in an adolescent girl with morbid obesity. Eur J Pediatr Surg 18:47–49

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Treadwell J-R, Sun F, Schoelles K (2008) Systematic review and meta-analysis of bariatric surgery for pediatric obesity. Ann Surg 248:763–776

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Holger Till .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Till, H., Weihrauch-Blüher, S. (2018). Morbide Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Bariatrische Chirurgie. In: von Schweinitz, D., Ure, B. (eds) Kinderchirurgie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53390-1_58-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53390-1_58-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-53390-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-53390-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Medizin

Publish with us

Policies and ethics