Computer Numerical Control

Altintas, Yusuf

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6524

Computer Numerical Control

Yusuf Altintas⁶

Reference work entry
First Online: 01 January 2019

108 Accesses

Synonyms

CNC; Feed drives; Interpolation; Servo control; Trajectory generation

Definition

Computer numerical control (CNC) means the digital control of machine tool units that consist of series of integrated mechanical actuators, electrical or electrohydraulic servomotors, power amplifiers, position and velocity sensors, and a dedicated computer running under a real-time operating system.

Theory and Application

Introduction

CNC systems control the moving units of a machine tool. The moving units are classified under feed and spindle drives, and auxiliary components such as tool and pallet changers, coolant pumps, and chip conveyors. Feed and spindle drives require smooth position, speed, and acceleration control which are carried out by the trajectory generation and digital control algorithms executed in fixed time intervals by dedicated computers. The auxiliary units are activated by programmable logical controllers (PLCs) that operate on the basis of ON/OFF logic (Altintas 2000).

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References

Altintas Y (2012) Manufacturing automation. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
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Altintas Y, Verl A, Brecher C, Uriarte L, Pritschow G (2011) Machine tool feed drives. Ann CIRP 60(2):779–796
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Koren Y, Lo CC (1992) Advanced controllers for feed drives. Ann CIRP 41(2):689–698
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Pritschow G (1998) A comparison of linear and conventional electromechanical drives. Ann CIRP 47(2):541–547
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Pritschow G, Altintas Y, Jovane F, Koren Y, Mitsuishi M, Takata S, Van Brussel H, Weck M, Yamazaki K (2001) Open controller architecture: past, present and future. Ann CIRP 50(2):446–463
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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Faculty of Applied Science, Department Mechanical Engineering/MAL- Manufacturing Automation Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Yusuf Altintas

Authors

Yusuf Altintas
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yusuf Altintas .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

National Engineering School of Monastir (ENIM), University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
Sami Chatti
Mechanical Engineering, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
Luc Laperrière
Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management (iwb), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Garching, Germany
Gunther Reinhart
ITIA Institute of Industrial Technologies and Automation, CNR National Research Council, Milan, Italy
Tullio Tolio

Section Editor information

Institut für Werkzeugmaschinen, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Hans-Christian Möhring

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Altintas, Y. (2019). Computer Numerical Control. In: Chatti, S., Laperrière, L., Reinhart, G., Tolio, T. (eds) CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6524

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_6524
Published: 05 June 2019
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-53119-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-53120-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

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