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Störungen des Wachstums

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Zusammenfassung

Wachstum ist ein Prozess, der durch Zellvermehrung, Zellvergrößerung und kontrollierten Zelltod einen Zuwachs an messbarer Größe herbeiführt. Dieser Prozess ist kontrolliert, damit die erzielten Größen einen bestimmten vom Organismus als sinnvoll erachteten Rahmen nicht über- oder unterschreiten. Das menschliche Wachstum ist individuell verschieden und wird durch die genetische Ausstattung, durch Signalsysteme (die wesentlich vom Genotyp abhängen) sowie durch Ernährung und andere Umweltfaktoren kontrolliert. Die Zunahme an Körperhöhe ist kein linearer Prozess, es gibt verschiedene endogen getriggerte Phasen schnellen und langsamen Wachstums, die wiederum subtil moduliert werden durch andere Faktoren wie z. B. die Jahreszeit mit dem winterlichen Absinken der Wachstumsgeschwindigkeit. Während der Fokus der Wachstumsforschung in der Vergangenheit wesentlich auf dem Endokrinium lag, hat er sich in den letzten 10 Jahren mehr auf die Wachstumsfuge des Knochens verschoben. An diesem Ort ist die endokrinologische Kontrolle nur ein Teil des komplexen regulativen Apparates, der Knochenwachstum generiert. Gleichzeitig führten die Fortschritte in der genetischen Diagnostik zu einem besseren Verständnis von Wachstumsstörungen; so wurden u. a. bei proportioniertem Klein- und Hochwuchs genetische Veränderungen gefunden, die man bislang nur mit disproportionierten Wachstumsstörungen oder Skelettdysplasien in Verbindung gebracht hatte.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pädiatrische Endokrinologie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Gerhard Binder

  2. Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Bonn, Deutschland

    Joachim Wölfle

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  1. Gerhard Binder
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Correspondence to Gerhard Binder .

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  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

    Olaf Hiort

  2. Abteilung für Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Klinische Forschung, Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus AUF DER BULT, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany

    Thomas Danne

  3. Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany

    Martin Wabitsch

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  1. Sektion Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Lübeck, Deutschland

    Olaf Hiort

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Binder, G., Wölfle, J. (2018). Störungen des Wachstums. In: Hiort, O., Danne, T., Wabitsch, M. (eds) Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Diabetologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52794-8_23-1

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