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Basalzellkarzinom

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Zusammenfassung

Basalzellkarzinome sind die häufigsten nicht gutartigen Tumoren des Menschen, die eine stetig steigende Inzidenz aufweisen. Bevorzugt treten sie in chronisch lichtexponierten Arealen bei älteren, hellhäutigen Patienten auf. Ihren Ursprung nehmen sie von stammzellartigen Zellen der follikulären und interfollikulären Epidermis. Da sie lokal infiltrativ wachsen, aber nur extrem selten metastasieren, werden sie als semimaligne bezeichnet. Für das Basalzellkarzinom sind verschiedene klinische und histologische Subtypen bekannt, die jedoch alle mit der aberranten Aktivierung des Hedgehog-Signalwegs gemeinsame genetische Veränderungen aufweisen. Mit Ausnahme der superfiziellen Tumoren erfolgt die Behandlung zumeist operativ oder alternativ mittels Strahlentherapie. Inzwischen stehen pharmakologische Inhibitoren des Hedgehog-Signalwegs zur zielgerichteten Therapie für nicht-operable oder metastasierte Basalzellkarzinome zur Verfügung.

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Correspondence to Julia Reifenberger .

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Reifenberger, J. (2018). Basalzellkarzinom. In: Plewig, G., Ruzicka, T., Kaufmann, R., Hertl, M. (eds) Braun-Falco's Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49546-9_101-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49546-9_101-1

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