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Geoinformation zur Navigationsunterstützung

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Handbuch der Geodäsie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Naturwissenschaften ((SRN))

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Zusammenfassung

Orientierung im Raum und die Suche nach Wegen sind fundamentale Alltagsaufgaben des Menschen. Tatsächlich leistet das Gehirn einen Großteil dieser Aufgaben selbständig und unterbewusst, indem es auf repräsentiertes Wissen, auf Erfahrungen und Strategien (Heuristiken), und auf Sinneswahrnehmungen zugreift. Darüberhinaus hat der Mensch immer schon externes Wissen als Ergänzung gesucht und integriert. Sowohl Höhlenmalereien als auch Dialoge, Karten, Autonavigationssysteme und Mobilitätswebseiten sind solche Mittel. Dieses Kapitel wirft daher zunächst einen Blick auf die raumkognitiven Fähigkeiten des Menschen, um dann zu fragen, welche Art von zusätzlicher räumlicher Information diese Fähigkeiten sinnvoll unterstützen kann. Aus dieser Perspektive lassen sich des Weiteren Kriterien und Methoden ableiten, wie Mensch und Maschine effektiv über Bewegung im Raum kommunizieren.

Dieser Beitrag ist Teil des Handbuchs der Geodäsie, Band „Geoinformationssysteme“, herausgegeben von Monika Sester, Hannover.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilot_(Seefahrt).

  2. 2.

    Dies hat sich erhalten, auch wenn die letzte Verantwortung immer der Kapitän getragen hat, siehe zum Beispiel Pilotage Act 1987, http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/21/part/I/crossheading/compulsory-pilotage.

  3. 3.

    European GNSS Agency, http://www.gsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/GNSS_Market%20Report_2013_web.pdf.

  4. 4.

    Vollständigkeit kann sich hier nur auf das zur Verfügung stehende Wegenetz beziehen.

  5. 5.

    Abgesehen davon sind viele geographischen Objekte schwer in ihrer räumlichen Ausdehnung beschreibbar [65], aber das ist hier eine Nebendiskussion.

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  1. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

    Stephan Winter

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  1. Lehr- und Forschungsgebiet "Geomathemati, TU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Willi Freeden

  2. Physikalische Geodäsie, TU München Inst. Astronomische und, München, Germany

    Reiner Rummel

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Winter, S. (2015). Geoinformation zur Navigationsunterstützung. In: Freeden, W., Rummel, R. (eds) Handbuch der Geodäsie. Springer Reference Naturwissenschaften . Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46900-2_65-1

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