The best performance in pervaporation for water dehydration corresponds to zeolite A, which is the zeolite with the lowest Si/Al ratio (equal to 1) and therefore the highest hydrophilicity. However, the high aluminum content of this zeolite makes it unstable under acidic conditions and it dissolves at low pH.
The separation of water in the presence of acetic acid or other acids could be important in the case of membrane reactors, active zeolite membrane reactors (AZMRs), for equilibrium displacement (see also Membrane reactor equilibrium conversion and Pervaporation membrane reactor). The esterification reaction using acid produces water that could be removed continuously using a water permeable acid resistant membrane.
The most promising results concerning separations in acid medium have been obtained with zeolites with a moderate Si/Al ratio such as zeolite T with Si/Al = 4 or mordenite with Si/Al ratio from 7 to 20. Both zeolites have been tested in water/acetic acid mixture (50/50...
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References
Arruebo M, Mallada R, Pina MP (2008) Zeolite membranes: synthesis, characterization, important applications, and recent advances, Chapter 10. In: Handbook of membrane separations, 1st edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 233–323
Sato K, Sugimoto K, Kyotani T, Shimotsuma N, Kurata T (2011) Synthesis, reproducibility, characterization, pervaporation and technical feasibility of preferentially b-oriented mordenite membranes for dehydration of acetic acid solution. J Membr Sci 385–386:20–29
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Mallada, R. (2016). Acetic Acid Dehydration by Pervaporation Zeolite Membranes. In: Drioli, E., Giorno, L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_956
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