Synonyms
Combined Fouling Index (CFI); Membrane Fouling Index; Modified Fouling Index (MFI); Silt Fouling Index (SFI)
Membrane fouling is an inevitable phenomenon in membrane processes and reduces the efficiency and the economic viability of the membrane processes. All the fouling stages such as pore blocking and cake layer not only decrease the permeate flux during a membrane process but they could influence negatively the permeate quality. Understanding the membrane fouling means that it is possible to develop a method to measure and predict the fouling potential with respect to a membrane. There is a pressing need for a reliable method able to do that.
Simple membrane experiments such as Silt Density Index (SDI) and Modified Fouling Index (MFI) are fouling index methods used to evaluate the particulate fouling potential of a feed water on reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane process (Salinas-Rodriguez SG et al. 2015). The utilization of fouling indices enables to...
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alhadidi A, Kemperman AJB, Schippers JC, Wessling M, Van Der Meer WGJ (2011) The influence of membrane properties on the Silt Density Index. J Membr Sci 384:205–218
ASTM, D4189-07 (2014) Standard test method for Slit Density Index (SDI) of water, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2014
Boerlage SFE, Kennedy MD, Dickson M, El-Hodali DEY, Schippers JC (2002) The modified fouling index using ultrafiltration membranes (MFI-UF): characterisation, filtration mechanisms and proposed reference membrane. J Membr Sci 197:1–21
Choi J-S, Hwang T-M, Lee H, Hong S (2009) A systematic approach to determine the fouling index for a RO/NF membrane process. Desalination 238:117–127
Nahrstedt A, Camargo Schmale J (2008) New insights into SDI and MFI measurements. Water Sci Technol Water Supply 8:401–412
Rachman RM, Ghaffour N, Waly F, Amy GL (2013) Assessment of Silt Density Index (SDI) as fouling propensity parameter in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination systems. Desalination Water Treat 51:1091–1103
Roorda JH, van derGraaf JHJM (2001) New parameter for monitoring fouling during ultrafiltration of WWTP effluent. Water Sci Technol 43(10):241–248
Salinas-Rodriguez SG, Amy GL, Schippers JC, Kennedy MD (2015) The Modified Fouling Index Ultrafiltration constant flux for assessing particulate/colloidal fouling of RO systems. Desalination 365:79–91
Schippers JC, Verdouw J (1980) The Modified Fouling Index, a method of determining the fouling characteristic of water. Desalination 32:137–148
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this entry
Cite this entry
D’Agostino, N., Giorno, L. (2016). Fouling Index. In: Drioli, E., Giorno, L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_239
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_239
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-44323-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-44324-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics