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Handbuch Organisationssoziologie pp 1–18Cite as

Organisation(en) von der Stange? Der Trend zu Standardisierung und Formalisierung

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Part of the book series: Springer Reference Sozialwissenschaften ((SRS))

Zusammenfassung

Standards zur Förderung des wirtschaftlichen Austausches vervielfältigen sich. Drei Wellen werden identifiziert: 1) technische Standards 2) Qualitätsmanagementstandards 3) Nachhaltigkeitsstandards. Aus einer organisationssoziologischen Perspektive stellt sich die Frage, wer die Standards entwickelt und inwiefern sie eine organisationale Homogenisierung herbeiführen. Der Beitrag erläutert, wodurch Angleichung gehemmt wird und zeigt, dass der Standardisierungstrend spezialisierten Organisationen neue Aktivitätsfelder eröffnet. Sie bilden den Formalisierungssektor: ein stabiles, wenig beachtetes Kollektiv, das Standards und Zertifizierungen produziert.

Dieser Beitrag ist im Rahmen meines durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds geförderten Forschungsaufenthalts (P2LUP1_164996) am LISIS an der Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée entstanden.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In der Literatur werden verschiedene Standardkriege beschrieben, wie zum Beispiel derjenige zwischen Blu-ray und HD-DVD Format, der von Erstgenanntem gewonnen wurde (Murphy und Yates 2009, S. 98).

  2. 2.

    In Deutschland übernimmt diese Aufgabe die Plattform label-online.de (getragen durch die Verbraucher Initiative e.V. und den Bundesverband kritischer VerbraucherInnen), in Österreich das Portal Bewusstkaufen.at (getragen durch das Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft) und in der Schweiz die Plattform labelinfo.ch (geführt durch eine private Umweltstiftung).

  3. 3.

    In der Literatur wird zwischen Erst-, Zweit- und Drittparteienzertifizierung unterschieden (Busch 2011, S. 201–237; Conroy 2007). Bei Erstparteienzertifizierungen setzt eine Partei die Standards, implementiert diese und führt das Monitoring durch. Bei Zweitparteienzertifizierungen werden die Standards durch eine externe Partei definiert, die zugleich auch für die Überprüfung der Standardimplementierung zuständig ist. Bei Drittparteienzertifizierungen definiert eine Partei die Standards, die zweite implementiert sie und die dritte – die spezialisierte Zertifizierungsstelle – bewertet die Regelkonformität.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Soziologisches Seminar, Universität Luzern, Luzern, Schweiz

    Nadine Arnold

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  1. Nadine Arnold
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Correspondence to Nadine Arnold .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Organisations- u Verwaltungssoziologie, Universität Potsdam, Postdam, Germany

    Maja Apelt

  2. Inst für Sozialwesen, Univ Kassel, Kassel, Hessen, Germany

    Ingo Bode

  3. Soziologisches Seminar, Universität Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland

    Raimund Hasse

  4. MCTS, TU München, München, Bayern, Germany

    Uli Meyer

  5. Institut für Soziologie, LMU München, München, Bayern, Germany

    Victoria V. Groddeck

  6. WiSo, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany

    Maximiliane Wilkesmann

  7. Institut für Soziologie, TU Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Arnold Windeler

Section Editor information

  1. Fachbereich Humanwissenschaften, Universität Kassel, Kassel, Deutschland

    Ingo Bode

  2. Universität Luzern, Luzern, Schweiz

    Raimund Hasse

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Arnold, N. (2019). Organisation(en) von der Stange? Der Trend zu Standardisierung und Formalisierung. In: Apelt, M., et al. Handbuch Organisationssoziologie. Springer Reference Sozialwissenschaften. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15953-5_30-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15953-5_30-1

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