Zusammenfassung
Aspergillus spp. gehören zur Gruppe der Schimmelpilze. Ihre Sporen sind in der Natur aber auch in Gebäuden ubiquitär vorhanden. Sie werden regelmäßig eingeatmet, führen aber äußerst selten zu Erkrankungen. Daher liegt beim kulturellen Nachweis aus respiratorischen Sekreten nicht zwangsläufig eine Aspergillus-assoziierte Erkrankung vor. Bestehen jedoch typische klinische Beschwerden und/oder spezifische Risikoprofile (z. B. Immunschwäche) sollten diese in Betracht gezogen werden.
Insgesamt werden Aspergillus-assoziierte Erkrankungen drei Kategorien zugeordnet:
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1.
Aspergillus-Infektionen (invasive Aspergillose, chronische pulmonale Aspergillose)
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2.
Aspergillus-assoziierte immunologische/allergische Erkrankungen (Aspergillus-assoziiertes allergisches Asthma, allergische bronchopulmonale Aspergillose, Aspergillus-assoziierte exogen-allergische Alveolitis)
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3.
Aspergillus-assoziierte Intoxikationen
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Flick, H., Hönigl, M. (2016). Aspergillus assoziierte Erkrankungen. In: Lehnert, H., et al. DGIM Innere Medizin. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_361-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_361-1
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