Zusammenfassung
Das Skelettsystem des Erwachsenen ist vorwiegend verknöchert, während es bei Kindern zu einem großen Anteil aus Knorpelgewebe besteht. Knochen haben verschiedenste Funktionen: Sie dienen als passiver Teil des Bewegungsapparats, schützen die inneren Organe und sind Ort der Blutbildung. Im Kindesalter besitzt das Skelett zusätzlich Wachstumseigenschaften und Korrekturpotenziale. Die Knochen können makroskopisch aufgrund von Form, Funktion und Bildungsart voneinander unterschieden und eingeteilt werden. Auf mikroskopischer Ebene finden sich Knochenzellen, die für das Knochenwachstum und die Knochenumbildung eine Schlüsselrolle spielen. Sowohl in der Entwicklung der Knochen als auch im Wachstum sind dieselben Knochenzellen zu finden. Um die biologischen Hintergründe von Knochenheilung und Pathogenese verstehen zu können, ist ein Grundverständnis des Knochenaufbaus und dessen Entwicklung von fundamentaler Bedeutung.
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Sommer, N., Marek, R. (2020). Knochenwachstum. In: Engelhardt, M., Raschke, M. (eds) Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_160-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_160-1
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