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Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris

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Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Die Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris (ECF) beschreibt den atraumatischen Abrutsch in der proximalen femoralen Wachstumsfuge im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Die Ursachen für die Entstehung der ECF sind vielfältig und beinhalten histologische, hormonelle und anatomische Veränderungen. Durch Muskelzug an der Metaphyse disloziert diese in Relation zur Epiphyse nach außen, anterior und proximal, wodurch ein Offset-Verlust zwischen der Epi- und Metaphyse resultiert, was zu einem repetitiven Anschlagen der nach anterior verschobenen Metaphyse am vorderen Pfannenrand führen kann. Knorpel- und Labrumschäden sowie die Frühdegeneration des Hüftgelenks sind nicht selten die Folge. Eine Verletzung der hüftkopfversorgenden Blutgefäße mit einhergehender Durchblutungsstörung und Destruktion des Hüftkopfes als Folge einer avaskulären Nekrose oder der komplette Knorpelverlust (Chondrolyse) sind weitere befürchtete Komplikationen dieser Erkrankung. Die Therapie muss chirurgisch erfolgen und beinhaltet neben der Stabilisierung der Fuge die Behandlung der resultierenden Deformität samt ihrer Folgeschäden. In dieser Übersicht sollen Grundsätze der Diagnostik und der klinischen Versorgung der ECF dargestellt werden.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Orthopädische Klinik Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    Rüdiger Krauspe, Daniela Bittersohl & Bernd Bittersohl

Authors
  1. Rüdiger Krauspe
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  2. Daniela Bittersohl
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  3. Bernd Bittersohl
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Correspondence to Rüdiger Krauspe .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Orthopädie, Klinikum Osnabrück GmbH Klinik für Orthopädie, Osnabrück, Niedersachsen, Germany

    Martin Engelhardt

  2. Unfallchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Münster Unfallchirurgie, Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Michael Raschke

Section Editor information

  1. Orthopädische Klinik, Klinikum Stuttgart – Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Deutschland

    Thomas Wirth

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Krauspe, R., Bittersohl, D., Bittersohl, B. (2020). Epiphyseolysis capitis femoris. In: Engelhardt, M., Raschke, M. (eds) Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_121-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54673-0_121-1

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