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Relativistic Quantum Chemistry for Chemical Identification of the Superheavy Elements

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Handbook of Relativistic Quantum Chemistry

Abstract

Production and investigation of properties of superheavy elements (SHEs) belong to the most fundamental areas of physical science. They seek to probe the uppermost reaches of the periodic table of the elements where the nuclei are extremely unstable and relativistic effects on the electron shells are increasingly strong. Theoretical chemical research in this area is very important. Due to experimental restrictions, it is often the only source of useful chemical information. It enables one to predict the behavior of the heaviest elements in the sophisticated and demanding experiments with single atoms and to interpret their results. Spectacular developments in the relativistic quantum theory and computational algorithms in the last few decades allowed for accurate calculations of electronic structures and properties of SHE and their compounds. Results of those investigations, particularly those related to the experimental research, are overviewed in this chapter. The role of relativistic effects is elucidated.

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Acknowledgements

The author thanks her former collaborators J. Anton, T. Bastug, E. Eliav, U. Kaldor, and A. Borschevsky for the fruitful joint work. She also appreciates valuable discussions of the experimental results with her colleagues A. Yakushev, J.V. Kratz, Ch. E. Düllmann, and A. Türler.

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  1. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstr. 1, D-64291, Darmstadt, Germany

    Valeria Pershina

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  1. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Center for Computational Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Wenjian Liu

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© 2017 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Pershina, V. (2017). Relativistic Quantum Chemistry for Chemical Identification of the Superheavy Elements. In: Liu, W. (eds) Handbook of Relativistic Quantum Chemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40766-6_35

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