Corneoscleral Laceration

Synonyms

Corneal laceration; Open globe; Ruptured globe; Scleral laceration

Definition

A partial- or full-thickness injury to the cornea and sclera, extending through the limbus. A partial-thickness injury does not penetrate the globe, whereas a full-thickness injury results in a ruptured globe.

Etiology

Corneoscleral laceration refers to a penetrating injury by a sharp object and/or projectile. This is not to be confused with a corneoscleral rupture which is caused by blunt trauma inducing defects at the areas of weakness of the globe (the equator and behind the rectus muscles). Lacerations are further described as penetrating vs. perforating:

• Penetrating: entry wound without an exit wound

• Perforating: entry and exit wound

Clinical Presentation

Any ocular trauma should raise a concern for a corneoscleral laceration. Injuries that include high-speed projectiles such as metal grinding or wood chipping should be thoroughly investigated before ruling out a ruptured globe. The patient may...