Definition
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is the most common type of developmental glaucoma in infants and children and results from an isolated abnormality in the filtration angle during gestation in the absence of other ocular anomalies.
Etiology
Although it is generally accepted that abnormal development of the anterior chamber angle results in obstruction of aqueous outflow facility and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), the exact pathogenesis of PCG remains unclear. Initial suggestion of a Barkan’s membrane lining the anterior chamber angle recess has not been histopathologically proven. There appears to be a developmental arrest of anterior chamber angle tissues derived from neural crest cells. The high insertion of the ciliary body and iris may compress the underlying trabecular meshwork beams (Anderson 1981). The trabecular beams have also been described to be thickened, affecting aqueous...
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References
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Salim, S. (2016). Primary Congenital Glaucoma. In: Schmidt-Erfurth, U., Kohnen, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_300-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_300-3
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Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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