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Le Fort Fractures

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Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology

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Synonyms

Craniofacial disjunction (Le Fort III); Guerin fracture (Le Fort I); Horizontal fracture (Le Fort I); Le Fort fractures; Maxillary fractures; Pyramidal fracture (Le Fort II)

Definition

In 1901, Rene Le Fort categorized fracture patterns of the Maxilla resulting from a single blow to cadaveric skulls. The fracture lines, or “linea minoros resistentiae,” described by Le Fort in 1901 are the basis for the modern Le Fort classification. A Le Fort I fracture (also known as a Guerin fracture or horizontal fracture) is a single horizontal fracture through the maxilla that passes through the septum medially, extending laterally through the pyriform rims, passing below the zygomaticomaxillary suture line, and transecting the pterygomaxillary junction to interrupt the pterygoid plates. Le Fort I fractures result in a mobile hard palate. A Le Fort II fracture (pyramidal fracture) passes through the nasal bridge medially (at or around the nasofrontal suture), extending laterally through...

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Further Reading

  • Cummings C (2005) Otolaryngology, head & neck surgery, 4th edn. Mosby, Philadelphia, pp 602–636

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  • Papel ID (2002) Facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, 2nd edn. Thieme, New York, pp 759–767

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart M (2005) Head, face and neck trauma, comprehensive management. Thieme, New York, pp 39-5177–85

    Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Weill College of Medicine of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Gary Joseph Lelli & Anne Barmettler

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Weill College of Medicine of Cornell University, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Dara Liotta & Ashutosh Kacker

Authors
  1. Gary Joseph Lelli
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  2. Dara Liotta
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  3. Ashutosh Kacker
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  4. Anne Barmettler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gary Joseph Lelli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Ophthal & Optometry,AKH, Medical University of Wien Dept of Ophthal & Optometry,AKH, Wien, Austria

    Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main Department of Ophthalmology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Thomas Kohnen

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© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Lelli, G.J., Liotta, D., Kacker, A., Barmettler, A. (2014). Le Fort Fractures. In: Schmidt-Erfurth, U., Kohnen, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_207-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_207-3

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35951-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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