Lentigo Senile (Liver Spots)

Synonyms

Lentigo simplex; Liver spots; Solar lentigo; Sun spots

Definition

Flat, evenly pigmented benign cutaneous lesions.

Etiology

Chronic sun exposure, resulting in an increased number of melanosomes.

Clinical Presentation

A macule with uniform pigmentation. They are usually 5 mm in size, flat, and increase in size and number with age. Lesions become darker with increased sun exposure. They occur frequently on the forehead and back of the hands.

Diagnostics

Excisional biopsy is not necessary; however, suspicious lesions may be excised to distinguish them from other melanocytic lesions.

Differential Diagnosis

• Ephelides

• Lentigo simplex

• Nevus

• Melanoma

Prophylaxis

Appropriate UV-protection and sunscreens may decrease the appearance and pigmentation of senile lentigo.

Therapy

Treatment in not necessary; however, suspicious lesions may be biopsied to distinguish it from other melanocytic lesions. Topical melanin bleaching creams, cryotherapy, and chemical peels may improve cosmetic...