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Carbon Nanotube TFTs

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Visual Display Technology

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Abstract

The mix of extraordinary electrical, mechanical, and optical properties makes carbon nanotubes a promising material for future applications. The room-temperature charge carrier mobility of individual carbon nanotubes was demonstrated to outperform all known semiconductors. This might enable high-performance on-panel electronic circuits like so far realized in poly-Si technology. Carbon nanotubes can in contrast be processed from solution, theoretically enabling low-cost vacuum-free deposition. Since carbon nanotubes are also extremely flexible, mechanically and chemically very stable, they seem predestined for flexible or even stretchable electronics and flexible displays in particular. It has however to be noted that this technology is still in a research state with a multitude of flavors. The topics are reaching from high-performance VLSI-type electronics to outperform silicon technology down to low-cost fully printed electronics on plastic substrates or even stretchable circuits. Although in recent years, developments have moved from pure academic research to applied research aiming for mass production so far only building blocks were realized. It might still take years until real products can reliably be produced. The major obstacles are lying in mass production of single-type nanotubes, precise deposition and alignment methods, and homogeneous high-performance circuits. Since the first edition of this article, significant progress in all of these areas was made. If researchers achieve to realize a well-controlled technology combined with reasonable production costs, carbon nanotube transistors can become the basic building block not only for display applications. In this chapter, the basic knowledge for a better understanding of carbon nanotube-based electronics is given, and key techniques for their application in displays and flexible electronics are discussed.

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Abbreviations

AM:

Active matrix

CHP:

Cyclohexyl pyrrolidone

CNN:

Carbon nanotube network

CNT:

Carbon nanotube

CVD:

Chemical vapor deposition

D :

Density of a CNN [tubes/area]

DFES:

Dose-controlled, floating evaporative self-assembly

DGU:

Density gradient ultracentrifugation

DOS:

Density of states

d t :

Diameter of a SWNT

EB:

Electrical breakdown

E f :

Fermi energy

FET:

Field effect transistor

I off :

TFT current in the off-state

I on :

TFT current in the on-state

L :

Length of a SWNT

L C :

TFT channel length

m-SWNT:

Metallic single-walled nanotube

MWNT:

Multiwalled nanotube

NMP:

N-methyl-pyrrolidone

PANI:

Poly(aniline)

PD:

Polymer dispersed

PEI:

Poly(ethylenimine)

p m :

Percolation threshold of m-SWNTs

PMMA:

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

p s :

Percolation threshold of s-SWNTs

S :

Subthreshold swing

SB:

Schottky barrier

s-SWNT:

Semiconducting single-walled nanotube

SWNT:

Single-walled nanotube

TFT:

Thin-film transistor

VF:

Vacuum filtration

W C :

TFT channel width

φ m :

Metal work function

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    Axel Schindler

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Schindler, A. (2015). Carbon Nanotube TFTs. In: Chen, J., Cranton, W., Fihn, M. (eds) Handbook of Visual Display Technology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35947-7_53-2

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