Skip to main content

Safety Assessment of Piled Buildings in Liquefiable Soils: Mathematical Tools

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering
  • 271 Accesses

Synonyms

Case study of pile damage during the 1995 Kobe earthquake; Geotechnical analysis of pile foundation in liquefiable soils; Numerical Modeling; Pile foundations in liquefiable soils; Reliability of pile foundations; Seismic Analysis of Pile Foundations; Soil-Structure Interaction

Introduction

Piles are routinely used as foundations to support short-to-medium span bridges and buildings typically over four stories and other structures. Collapse and/or severe damage of pile-supported structures is still observed in liquefiable soils after most major earthquakes such as the 1995 Kobe earthquake (Japan), the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake (Turkey), and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake (India). The failures not only occurred in laterally spreading (sloping) ground but were also observed in level ground where no lateral spreading would be anticipated. A good discussion on the failure modes can be found in Bhattacharya and Madabhushi (2008).

The failures were often accompanied by settlement and...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 1,799.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 2,999.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adhikari S, Bhattacharya S (2008) Dynamic instability of pile-supported structures in liquefiable soils during earthquakes. Shock and Vibration 16(6):665–685

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson AW, Blume JA, Degenkolb HJ, Hammill HB, Knapik EM, Marchand HL, Powers HC, Rinne JE, Sedgwick GA, Sjoberg HO (1952) Lateral forces of earthquake and wind. Trans ASCE 117:716–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S (2003) Pile instability during earthquake liquefaction. Ph.D Thesis, University of Cambridge, U.K.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S (2006) Safety assessment of existing piled foundations in liquefiable soils against buckling instability. ISET J Earthquake Technol 43:133–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Goda K (2013) Probabilistic buckling analysis of axially loaded piles in liquefiable soils. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 45:13–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Madabhushi SPG (2008) A critical review of methods for pile design in seismically liquefiable soils. Bull Earthquake Eng 6:407–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Madabhushi SPG, Bolton MD (2004) An alternative mechanism of pile failure in liquefiable deposits during earthquakes. Geotechnique 54:203–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Madabhushi SPG, Bolton MD (2005) Reply to the two discussions on the paper “An alternative mechanism of pile failure in liquefiable deposits during earthquakes”. Geotechnique 55(3):259–263

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Adhikari S, Alexander NA (2009) A simplified method for unified buckling and free vibration analysis of pile-supported structures in seismically liquefiable soils. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 29:1220–1235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CEN (2004) Eurocode 8, design of structures for earthquake resistance – Part 1: general rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings, EN 1998-1:2004. Comite Europeen de Normalisation, Brussels, Belgium

    Google Scholar 

  • Cetin KO, Der Kiureghian A, Seed RB (2002) Probabilistic model for the initiation of seismic soil liquefaction. Struct Safety 24:67–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cetin KO, Seed RB, Der Kiureghian A, Tokimatsu K, Harder LF Jr, Kayen RE, Moss RES (2004) Standard Penetration Test-based probabilistic and deterministic assessment of seismic soil liquefaction potential. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 130:1314–1340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dash SR, Bhattacharya S, Blakeborough A (2010) Bending-buckling interaction as a failure mechanism of piles in liquefiable soils. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 30:32–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goda K, Atkinson GM, Hunter JA, Crow C, Motazedian D (2011) Probabilistic liquefaction hazard analysis for four Canadian cities. Bull Seismol Soc Am 101:190–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IS 1893 (2001) Indian Standard for Seismic Design

    Google Scholar 

  • JRA (1996) Japanese Road Association, Specification for Highway Bridges, Part V, Seismic Design

    Google Scholar 

  • Juang CH, Yang SH, Yuan H (2005) Model uncertainty of shear wave velocity-based method for liquefaction potential evaluation. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 131:1274–1282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardi D, Bhattacharya S (2014) Modal analysis of pile-supported structures during seismic liquefaction. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 43(3):119–138. doi:10.1002/eqe.2336

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mavroeidis GP, Papageorgiou AS (2003) A mathematical representation of near-fault ground motions. Bull Seismol Soc Am 93:1099–1131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moss RES, Seed RB, Kayen RE, Stewart JP, Der Kiureghian A, Cetin KO (2006) CPT-based probabilistic and deterministic assessment of in situ seismic soil liquefaction potential. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 132:1032–1051

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NEHRP (2000) National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP, 2000): commentary for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA, USA 369) on seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures

    Google Scholar 

  • Public Works Research Institute (1995) Strong-motion acceleration records from Public Works in Japan (No. 21). Ministry of Construction, Tsukuba, Japan

    Google Scholar 

  • Rankine WJM (1866) Useful rules and tables. London

    Google Scholar 

  • Seed HB, Idriss IM (1971) Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential. J Soil Mech Found Div 97:1249–1273

    Google Scholar 

  • Tokimatsu K, Ohoka H, Shamoto Y, Asaka Y (1997) Failure and deformation modes of piles due to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading in 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake. J Struct Constr Eng, AIJ 495:95–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Uzuoka R, Sento N, Yashima A, Zhang F (2002) 3-dimensional effective stress analysis of a damaged group-pile foundation adjacent to a quay wall. J Jpn Assoc Earthq Eng 2:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao JX, Zhang J, Asano A, Ohno Y, Oouchi T, Takahashi T, Ogawa H, Irikura K, Thio HK, Somerville PG, Fukushima Y, Fukushima Y (2006) Attenuation relations of strong ground motion in Japan using site classification based on predominant period. Bull Seismol Soc Am 96:898–913

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subhamoy Bhattacharya .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this entry

Cite this entry

Bhattacharya, S. (2015). Safety Assessment of Piled Buildings in Liquefiable Soils: Mathematical Tools. In: Beer, M., Kougioumtzoglou, I.A., Patelli, E., Au, SK. (eds) Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_232

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics