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The Prokaryotes pp 651–694Cite as

The Family Nocardioidaceae

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Abstract

Nocardioidaceae, a family within the order Propionibacteriales in the Propionibacterinae, embraces the genera Nocardioides, Marmoricola, Aeromicrobium, Kribbella, Actinopolymorpha, Thermasporomyces, and Flindersiella. Recent analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences (using different clustering algorithms) shows that the genera which currently belong to the family Nocardioidaceae form at least two separate phylogenetic clusters. The two clusters are approximately at the same distance from each other and also from the family Propionibacteriaceae. The grouping is strengthened also by morphological and chemotaxonomic features. They are Gram-positive bacteria. Young cultures within the family show different morphologies, ranging from branching vegetative hyphae and pleomorph shapes to irregular rods and coccoid cells. Chemoorganotrophic organisms, having respiratory type of metabolism, are mostly catalase positive. Their cell-wall peptidoglycan contains LL-diaminopimelic acid and glycine as diagnostic amino acid (peptidoglycan A3γ). Their predominant menaquinone component is with partially saturated side chain, consisting 8, 9, or 10 isoprene units. Mycolic acids are absent. Members of the family occur in various environments (soils, aquatic environments, plants, etc.); no medically relevant strains or species have been described within the family till now. Some members of the family are active in degradation of recalcitrant chemicals. This contribution is a modified and updated version of previous family descriptions (Nesterenko et al. 1985, 1990; Stackebrandt et al. 1997; Zhi et al. 2009).

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  1. Faculty of Science, Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary

    Erika M. Tóth & Andrea K. Borsodi

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  1. Erika M. Tóth
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  2. Andrea K. Borsodi
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Correspondence to Erika M. Tóth .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  5. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Tóth, E.M., Borsodi, A.K. (2014). The Family Nocardioidaceae . In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30138-4_193

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