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The Families Sanguibacteraceae and Rarobacteraceae

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The Prokaryotes

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Abstract

The monogeneric family Sanguibacteraceae, defined on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and signature nucleotides, is a member of the order Micrococcales. Its precise 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic position among the other 14 families of the order has not yet been determined with confidence as this lineage branches with varying neighbors depending upon algorithms and selection of sequences used in the analyses. The monogeneric family Rarobacteraceae was included in this chapter as it branches adjacent to Sanguibacteraceae in several ML and NJ trees. The six species of Sanguibacter possess a DNA mol% G+C between 69 and 73 mol%, an A4α peptidoglycan type, the predominant menaquinone MK-9(H4), straight-chain saturated, as well as iso- and anteiso-methyl-branched fatty acids and resemble certain members of Cellulomonadaceae and Promicromonosporaceae. Some type strains were isolated from blood of apparently healthy cows while others were found in soil, sand, and sediment. An extended range of habitats was revealed by non-culture studies and encompasses terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Strains are medically nonrelevant and have limited application potential. The genus Rarobacter embraces two species with yeast-lysing abilities. The ornithine-containing peptidoglycan type is A4β, and menaquinones are fully unsaturated and of the MK-9 type. Members of the genus must be considered rare actinobacteria as the literature mentions almost no additional cultures or 16S rRNA gene clones.

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Acknowledgments

This chapter has been prepared under the EMbaRC project (EU Seventh Framework Programme Research Infrastructures INFRA-2008-1.1.2.9: Biological Resources Centres (BRCs) for microorganisms (Grant agreement number: FP7-228310)) to support science in BRCs. We wish to thank Rüdiger Pukall, Cathrin Spröer, Ulrike Steiner, Nicole Mrotzek and Anika Wasner (all DSMZ) for molecular analysis on S. inulinus and Peter Green (NCIMB), Ed Moore (CCUG), and Takuji Kudo (JCM) for their input in solving the authenticity problem of its type strain. We are deeply grateful to Rie Homma (Sapporo, Japan) for the translation of the Hasuo et al. (1984) article, originally printed in Japanese.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Peter Schumann & Erko Stackebrandt

Authors
  1. Peter Schumann
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  2. Erko Stackebrandt
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Correspondence to Peter Schumann .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  5. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Schumann, P., Stackebrandt, E. (2014). The Families Sanguibacteraceae and Rarobacteraceae . In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30138-4_174

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