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Posttranslational Modifications of Cardiac Ryanodine Receptors/Calcium Release Channels by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS)

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Book cover Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Abstract

Ryanodine receptors have a central role as the calcium release channels of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In the heart, they allow the massive release of calcium that triggers heart muscle contraction. Ryanodine receptors are very sensitive to redox agents that produce reversible redox modifications, such as S-nitrosylation and S-glutathionylation of hyper-reactive cysteine residues. In this chapter, we will discuss the effects of some of these modifications and the available evidence for their physiological role and the possible enzymatic sources responsible for these modifications.

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Abbreviations

GSH:

Glutathione

GSNO:

Nitrosoglutathione

GSSG:

Oxidized glutathione

HNO:

Nitroxyl

NO:

Nitric oxide

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthase

NOX:

NADPH oxidase

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RyR:

Ryanodine receptors

SERCA2a:

Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase a

SR:

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

XDH:

Xanthine dehydrogenase

XO:

Xanthine oxidase

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Acknowledgments

Supported by Fondo Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica; grants 1080481, 1110257, and 1080497; by Fondecyt-FONDAP 15010006 and BNI P-09-015F.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas & Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Paulina Donoso & Gina Sánchez

  2. Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula & Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile

    Cecilia Hidalgo

Authors
  1. Paulina Donoso
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  2. Cecilia Hidalgo
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  3. Gina Sánchez
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Correspondence to Paulina Donoso .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Donoso, P., Hidalgo, C., Sánchez, G. (2014). Posttranslational Modifications of Cardiac Ryanodine Receptors/Calcium Release Channels by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS). In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_72

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