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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Abstract

Biological processes can lead to reduction–oxidation reactions that generate potentially harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as peroxides and free radicals. Exposure to xenobiotics and/or microbial organisms, for example, can lead to an imbalance between the concentrations of ROS and the antioxidant buffer in the target tissue, which if sustained can result in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in various disorders, such as cancer, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, lung disease (including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), chronic inflammatory diseases, and diabetes mellitus. The pathways and metabolic processes of disease development are complex and involve many components. The processes often overlap and the balance between stressors and protectors is not always clear. Thus, the identification of mechanistic biomarkers to improve understanding of disease pathogenesis, aid in the diagnosis of disease, develop therapeutic strategies, and monitor treatment compatibility, performance, and complications is vitally important. This chapter discusses various biomarkers of oxidative stress that have been previously identified and possible routes to discovering further useful biomarkers and potential applications.

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  1. British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Group R & D, Regents Park Road, Southampton, UK

    Frazer Lowe

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Lowe, F. (2014). Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress. In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_4

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