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Exploring the Effect of Redox Enzyme Modulation on the Biology of Mouse Aging

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Abstract

The oxidative stress theory of aging has been the most studied and tested mechanistic theory of why organisms age. However, most recent data on this theory suggest that broadly altering levels of oxidative stress or accumulation of oxidative damage has limited effects on the regulation of lifespan in mammals. This has led to the proposition that aging may be regulated through oxidation-induced changes to cellular redox state and redox signaling rather than through general oxidative stress mechanisms. Redox regulation of cell survival and homeostasis through modulating the pathways necessary for gene regulation, protein activation and deactivation, and apoptosis might then amplify minor alterations in oxidative stress to have drastic effects on an organism. In this chapter, we discuss the evidence that alterations in cellular redox state are associated with mammalian aging and discuss the mouse models available to test whether redox regulation is a significant factor in the aging process. In general, these data suggest that mammalian aging may be regulated in part by cellular redox state and support further investigation to address whether modulation of redox state can significantly alter lifespan and healthspan.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH training grant T32 AG021890-05 (ABS), an Ellison Medical Foundation New Scholar Award (VP), the Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center of the South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio TX, and the San Antonio Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 15355 Lambda Drive, MSC 7755, San Antonio, TX, 78245-3207, USA

    Adam B. Salmon & Arlan Richardson

  2. Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    Adam B. Salmon

  3. Department of Cell & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    Arlan Richardson

  4. The Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    Adam B. Salmon & Arlan Richardson

  5. Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA

    Viviana I. Pérez

Authors
  1. Adam B. Salmon
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  2. Arlan Richardson
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  3. Viviana I. Pérez
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Correspondence to Adam B. Salmon .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Salmon, A.B., Richardson, A., Pérez, V.I. (2014). Exploring the Effect of Redox Enzyme Modulation on the Biology of Mouse Aging. In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_20

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