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Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Heart Failure

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Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants

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Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating condition, and currently available treatment options have not provided satisfactory results with regard to the prognosis of patients. Increased pulmonary arterial resistance stains the right heart, ultimately leading to right heart failure and death. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are needed. Evidence suggests that the mechanisms of the development of pulmonary hypertension, in particular pulmonary vascular remodeling, and the development of right heart remodeling involve reactive oxygen species. In animal models of pulmonary hypertension, various molecules with antioxidant properties have been shown to attenuate pulmonary vascular as well as right ventricular remodeling. Evidence for the benefit of antioxidant therapy in human pulmonary hypertension patients is, however, lacking. This chapter compiles information on cell, animal, and human studies that provide evidence for the role of reactive oxygen species and the beneficial effects of antioxidants in pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.

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Abbreviations

Fe2+ :

Ferrous ion

Fe3+ :

Ferric ion

HO. :

Hydroxyl radical

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

O2 :

Molecular oxygen

O2 •− :

Superoxide anion radical

PAH:

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RV:

Right ventricle

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by grants from National Institutes of Health (R01HL72844 and R01HL97514) to Y.J.S.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW403 Medical-Dental Building, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA

    Ludmila Pavlickova, Makhosazane Zungu-Edmondson & Yuichiro J. Suzuki

  2. Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, Praha 4, 140 59, Czech Republic

    Ludmila Pavlickova

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  1. Ludmila Pavlickova
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  2. Makhosazane Zungu-Edmondson
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  3. Yuichiro J. Suzuki
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Correspondence to Yuichiro J. Suzuki .

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  1. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Pavlickova, L., Zungu-Edmondson, M., Suzuki, Y.J. (2014). Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Heart Failure. In: Laher, I. (eds) Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_123

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