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Encyclopedia of Cancer pp 1–6Cite as

Chemical Carcinogenesis

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Definition

Chemical carcinogenesis (carcinogenesis) is the process of the genesis of a tumor (carcinoma) and the series of sequential steps that occur when lower animals or humans are treated with chemical carcinogens that lead to tumor development. After all these steps are accomplished, the physiological mechanisms regulating the control of growth in the normal cells are degraded, and the normal cells are degraded and converted into tumor cells. The tumor cells then grow in an unregulated fashion and evade the host immune system, leading to development of visible tumors.

Characteristics

Normal Cell Types in Animals and the Tumors They Give Rise To

During embryogenesis in mammals (warm-blooded animals), there are three primary germ layers of the early embryo which develop into all the basic cell types, tissues, and organs in the body. These are the ectoderm, the endoderm, and the mesoderm. The ectoderm and endoderm are epithelial layers. Most of the epithelial organs in the body are...

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References

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See Also

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  • (2012) Genotoxic. In: Schwab M (ed) Encyclopedia of cancer, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, p 1540. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-16483-5_2393

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Pathology, USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Joseph R. Landolph Jr.

  2. Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Joseph R. Landolph Jr.

Authors
  1. Joseph R. Landolph Jr.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joseph R. Landolph Jr. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abt. Tumorgenetik, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany

    Manfred Schwab

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Landolph, J.R. (2015). Chemical Carcinogenesis. In: Schwab, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Cancer. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_1056-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27841-9_1056-2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27841-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

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