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Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science pp 1–62Cite as

Traffic Networks, Breakdown in

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Glossary

Bottleneck :

Traffic breakdown leading to the onset of congestion in a traffic network occurs usually at a network bottleneck. Road bottlenecks are caused, for example, by on- and off-ramps, road gradients, roadworks, a decrease in the number of road lines (in the flow direction), traffic signal, etc.

Breakdown Minimization (BM) Principle :

The BM principle states that the optimum of a traffic or transportation network with N bottlenecks is reached when dynamic traffic assignment, optimization, and control are performed in the network in such a way that the probability P net for the occurrence of traffic breakdown in at least one of the network bottlenecks during a given time interval T ob for observing traffic flow reaches the minimum possible value. The BM principle is equivalent to the maximization of the probability that during the time interval T ob, traffic breakdown occurs at none of the network bottlenecks.

Congested Traffic :

Congested traffic is defined as a state of...

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank Sergey Klenov and Hubert Rehborn for the help and useful suggestions. I thank our partners for their support in the projects “UR:BAN – Urban Space: User oriented assistance systems and network management” and “MEC-View – Object detection for automated driving based on Mobile Edge Computing,” funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy.

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  1. Physics of Transport and Traffic, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany

    Boris S. Kemer

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  1. Boris S. Kemer
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Correspondence to Boris S. Kemer .

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  1. Ramtech Ltd., Larkspur, California, USA

    Robert A. Meyers

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Kemer, B.S. (2017). Traffic Networks, Breakdown in. In: Meyers, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_701-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_701-1

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