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Drug-Addiction and Drug-Dependency

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Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays

Abstract

Drug abuse is a complex phenomenon, and many factors (e.g., availability, cost) contribute to whether a particular drug will be abused by a particular individual. Nevertheless, many drugs that are abused have common neurobiological and behavioral effects. Consequently, some of the properties of drugs that contribute to abuse can be examined systematically in animals using well-established and validated behavioral procedures. A major strength of this area of research is that the effects of drugs in these procedures (i.e., in nonhuman species) are highly predictive of the effects of the same drugs in humans; thus, behavioral assessments are used both to study the underlying biological and behavioral phenomena associated with drug abuse (e.g., drug reinforcement, physical dependence) and to assess whether new chemical entities have properties in animals that would indicate a likelihood of abuse in humans. Preclinical abuse and dependence liability studies typically comprise the following approaches and procedures:

  • Physical dependence

  • Tolerance

  • Drug discrimination

  • Self-administration

  • Conditioned place preference

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA

    Dr. Charles P. France Ph.D.

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    Jochen Maas

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    Franz J. Hock

  3. Idstein, Germany

    Dieter Mayer

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France, C.P. (2013). Drug-Addiction and Drug-Dependency. In: Vogel, H.G., Maas, J., Hock, F.J., Mayer, D. (eds) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25240-2_10

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