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Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics pp 1317–1333Cite as

Electrohydrodynamic Systems

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Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

In this chapter we review briefly the fundamentals of electrohydrodynamics (EHD), the characteristic EHD dimensionless numbers and the techniques to measure conductivity and electric field, as well as the peculiarities imposed by charging of particles in the classical fluid-mechanical methods for measuring velocity and visualizing fluid flows.

We begin with a brief review of the basic equations, followed by an examination of the physical mechanisms that govern fluid flow through the relevant dimensionless numbers related to electric forces. However, the main emphasis is put on the description of the experimental methods, used to measure the fundamental EHD magnitudes. First, we discuss the basic mechanisms of conductivity, how to measure it, and how to obtain reproducible I–V characteristics. This section also includes a discussion of the techniques to control ion injection. This is followed by a section dedicated to the measurement of mobility. Then we describe the Kerr effect, and how it can be used to measure the electric field in liquids. The last section is dedicated to a description of the difficulties we encounter in the classical techniques of laser Doppler anemometry, and visualization techniques in EHD flows, and how they may be overcome, at least partially. We hope that this chapter will be useful, not only to EHD researchers, but also to practising fluid dynamicists, and to chemical and electrical engineers who need to understand and apply the principles and experimental techniques of EHD in their work.

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Abbreviations

PMMA:

polymethylmethacrylate

SI:

spark ignition

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41013, Sevilla, Spain

    Antonio Castellanos Prof.

  2. Departamento de Electrónica y Electromagnetismo, Facultad de Física, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Sevilla, Spain

    Alberto Pérez Prof.

Authors
  1. Antonio Castellanos Prof.
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  2. Alberto Pérez Prof.
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Antonio Castellanos Prof. or Alberto Pérez Prof. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 30, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany

    Cameron Tropea Dr.

  2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 842 W. Taylor St., 60607-7022, Chicago, IL, USA

    Alexander L. Yarin Dr.

  3. Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, A118 Engineering Research Complex, 48824-1326, East Lansing, MI, USA

    John F. Foss Dr.

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© 2007 Springer-Verlag

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Castellanos, A., Pérez, A. (2007). Electrohydrodynamic Systems. In: Tropea, C., Yarin, A.L., Foss, J.F. (eds) Springer Handbook of Experimental Fluid Mechanics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30299-5_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30299-5_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-25141-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30299-5

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