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Blood Compatible Polymers

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Functional Biopolymers

Part of the book series: Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series ((POPOC))

  • 235 Accesses

Abstract

Medical devices made from polymeric materials come in contact with blood in a wide range of applications, including stents, artificial vascular grafts, hemodialysis membranes, catheters, and sutures, among others. In this chapter, an overview of the ongoing investigations with blood compatible polymers is provided. A summary of polymers used in blood contacting devices will be given, followed by details focusing on each of the types of polymers that are most commonly used. Furthermore, a description of the efforts made in improving the blood compatibility of these polymers will be provided, as most synthetic polymers are required to go through some level of modification in order to be used in blood contacting devices. Most modification strategies address the changes in surface properties of these polymers with the aim of controlling the interactions between blood components and the polymeric surface. Among these modification techniques, use of bioinert molecules, bioactive molecules, and a combination of the two molecules are the subject of most studies.

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Abbreviations

ACG:

Albumin-coated vascular graft

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

APTT:

Activated partial thromboplastin time

ATBC:

Acetyl-tri-n-butyryl-citrate

ATH:

Antithrombin-heparin

BD:

Butanediol

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

BTHC:

Butyryl-tri-n-hexyl-citrate

Bz-β-CD:

2,3,6-per-O-benzoyl-β-cyclodextrin

CLA:

Conjugated linoleic acid

COL:

Collagen

COMGHA:

Castor-oil-mono- hydrogenated acetates

DEHA:

Di(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate

DEHP:

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

DEHT:

Di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate

DINCH:

Cyclohexane 1,2-dicarboxylate

DINP:

Di-iso-nonyl phthalate

EC(s):

Endothelial cell(s)

ECC:

Extracorporeal circulation

ED:

Ethylenediamine

EPCs:

Endothelial progenitor cells

EVA:

Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer

GMA:

Glycidyl methacrylate

HSA:

Human serum albumin

LMWH:

Low-molecular-weight heparin

LVAD:

Left ventricular assist device

MDI:

Methylene-bis-phenyldiisocyanate

MPC:

2-methacryloyloxethyl phosphorylcholine

MW(s):

Molecular weight(s)

NO:

Nitric oxide

PAN:

Polyacrylonitrile

PANCHEMA:

Poly(acrylonitrile-co-HEMA)

PANCMA:

Poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic anhydride)

PB:

Polybutadiene

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PEGMA:

Poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate

PEO:

Polyethylene oxide

PES:

Polyethersulfone

PET:

Polyethylene terephthalate

PGA:

Polyglycolide

PLA:

Polylactide

PLG:

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)

PMEA:

Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate)

PMMA:

Polymethylmethacrylate

POC:

Poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate)

Poly(HEMA):

Poly hydroxyl-ethylmethacrylate

Poly(MPC):

Poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)

Poly(OEGMA):

Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate)

PP:

Polypropylene

PPO:

Poly(propylene oxide)

PRT:

Plasma recalcification time

PSF:

Polysulfone

PTFE (ePTFE):

Polytetrafluoroethylene

PTMO:

Polytetramethylene oxide

PU:

Polyurethane

PUs:

Polyurethanes

PUU:

Polyurethaneurea

PVA:

Poly(vinyl alcohol)

PVC:

Polyvinylchloride

PVDF:

Polyvinylidine fluoride

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

rHir:

Recombinant hirudin

SI-ATRP:

Surface initiated atom transfer radical polymerization

SNAP:

S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine

SPU:

Segmented polyurethane

SPUs:

Segmented polyurethanes

Syn:

Syndiotactic

TAT:

Thrombin-antithrombin

TETM:

Tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate

TOTM:

Tris-octyl tri-mellitate

t-PA:

Tissue plasminogen activator

UFH:

Unfractionated heparin

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  1. Wentworth Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA

    Sara Alibeik

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Kyla N. Sask

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    Mohammad Abu Jafar Mazumder

  2. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Heather Sheardown

  3. Minerals, King Fahd University of Petroleum a, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    Amir Al-Ahmed

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Alibeik, S., Sask, K.N. (2018). Blood Compatible Polymers. In: Jafar Mazumder, M., Sheardown, H., Al-Ahmed, A. (eds) Functional Biopolymers. Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92066-5_3-1

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  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-92066-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-92066-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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