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Cellulose-Based Superabsorbent Hydrogels pp 737–761Cite as

Characterization Techniques of Hydrogel and Its Applications

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Part of the book series: Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series ((POPOC))

Abstract

Over the past few decades, advances in hydrogel technologies have spurred development in the personal care products and medical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural field aspects due to their unique biocompatibility, flexible methods of synthesis, range of constituents, and desirable physical characteristics. Hydrogels are hydrophilic, three-dimensional hydrophilic polymeric networks, capable of absorbing large quantities of water, biological fluids and simulating biological tissue when they get swollen due to chemical or physical cross-linking of individual polymer chains. Hydrogels are characterized by the nature of their constituent polymers, making them synthetic, natural, or hybrid. The use of natural polymers in hydrogel synthesis is advantageous in biomedical applications due to their biodegradability and nontoxicity, whereas synthetic polymers are hydrophobic, possessing strong covalent bonds within their matrix, which allow for more durability and mechanical strength. In order to design hydrogels with the desired performance and structure, characterization of hydrogel requires different tools and techniques that includes swelling, sol-gel analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, gel permeation chromatography, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In this chapter, we focused and discussed about the properties, preparation methods, characterization techniques, and their most significant and current biomedical applications of hydrogels with the patents.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the DST-sponsored National Facility for Drug Development (VI-D&P/349/10-11/TDT/1), Nanomission program of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Ministry of Science and Technology of India (DST/SR/NM/NS-19/2009), and Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (TEQIP-PHASE II) for their support in this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nanobio Translational Research (CENTRE), Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Azeera, S. Vaidevi & K. Ruckmani

  2. National Facility for Drug Development for Academia, Pharmaceutical and Allied Industries (NFDD), Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Vaidevi & K. Ruckmani

Authors
  1. M. Azeera
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  2. S. Vaidevi
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  3. K. Ruckmani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to K. Ruckmani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

    Md. Ibrahim H. Mondal

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Azeera, M., Vaidevi, S., Ruckmani, K. (2019). Characterization Techniques of Hydrogel and Its Applications. In: Mondal, M. (eds) Cellulose-Based Superabsorbent Hydrogels. Polymers and Polymeric Composites: A Reference Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77830-3_25

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