Skip to main content

Secondary Metabolites Produced by Endophytic Fungi from Marine Environments

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Endophytes and Secondary Metabolites

Abstract

Endophytes are symptomless organisms thriving within the living host tissues. Some endophytic fungi have been shown to be producing the same compounds produced by their hosts, e.g., taxol produced by Pestalotiopsis microspora isolated from Taxus wallichiana. Hence, there has been lot of interest to screen the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi. In recent times the focus on endophytic fungi and the secondary metabolites they produce has shifted to marine environments. Unlike terrestrial environments where more research has been conducted on secondary metabolites from living plant substrata, the secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi isolated from marine environments are equally from macroalgae (seaweeds) and sponges in addition to mangrove and different shoreline plant substrata. Many promising secondary metabolites that have therapeutic potential including in antimicrobial, antiviral, antimalarial, and anticancer applications have been reported from endophytic fungi isolated from seaweeds, sponges, and plants from maritime environments. For example, the compound 3-O-methylfunicone isolated from Talaromyces sp., in mangrove habitat, has shown antifungal, antitumor, and lipid-lowering properties and required beyond academic research wherein pharmaceutical industry needs to take it further. A Cladosporium L037 species from the brown alga Actinotrichia fragilis, collected off Seragaki Beach at Okinawa Island, Japan, produced two 12-membered macrolides, namely, sporiolides A and B. Both these metabolites exhibited potent cytotoxicity against murine lymphoma L1210 cells with IC50 values of 0.37 and 3.1 um, respectively. A cyclic tetrapeptide compound produced by Petriella sp., an endophyte of the sponge Suberites domuncula, showed cytotoxicity against murine L5178Y lymphoma cells at an ED50 value of <0.1 μg/ml. The present chapter updates and consolidates the information available on the secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi isolated from marine environments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. König GM, Wright AD, de Nys R (1999) Halogenated monoterpenes from Plocamium costatum and their biological activity. J Nat Prod 62:383–385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Agrawal S, Adholeya A, Deshmukh SK (2016) The pharmacological potential of non-ribosomal peptides from marine sponge and tunicates. Front Pharmacol 7:333

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Blunt J, Carroll A, Copp B et al (2018) Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 35:8–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Sithranga Boopathy N, Kathiresan K (2010) Anticancer drugs from marine flora: an overview. J Oncol 2010:214186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Passaes CP, Sáez-Cirión A (2014) HIV cure research: advances and prospects. Virology 454:340–352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Deshmukh SK, Prakash V, Ranjan N (2017) Recent advances in the discovery of bioactive metabolites from Pestalotiopsis. Phytochem Rev 16:883–920

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang P, Li X-M, Mao X-X et al (2016) Varioloid A, a new indolyl-6, 10b-dihydro-5aH-[1] benzofuro [2, 3-b] indole derivative from the marine alga-derived endophytic fungus Paecilomyces variotii EN-291. Beilstein J Org Chem 12:2012

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Wijesekara I, Zhang C, Van Ta Q et al (2014) Physcion from marine-derived fungus Microsporum sp. induces apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Microbiol Res 169:255–261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. König GM, Wright AD (1996) Marine natural products research: current directions and future potential. Planta Med 62:193–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fang W, Lin X, Zhou X et al (2014) Cytotoxic and antiviral nitrobenzoyl sesquiterpenoids from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus ochraceus Jcma1F17. Medchemcomm 5:701–705

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cui C-M, Li X-M, Meng L et al (2010) 7-Nor-ergosterolide, a pentalactone-containing norsteroid and related steroids from the marine-derived endophytic Aspergillus ochraceus EN-31. J Nat Prod 73:1780–1784

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Cui C-M, Li X-M, Li C-S et al (2010) Cytoglobosins A− G, cytochalasans from a marine-derived endophytic fungus, Chaetomium globosum QEN-14. J Nat Prod 73:729–733

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wang S, Li X-M, Teuscher F et al (2006) Chaetopyranin, a benzaldehyde derivative, and other related metabolites from Chaetomium globosum, an endophytic fungus derived from the marine red alga Polysiphonia urceolata. J Nat Prod 69:1622–1625

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. de Felício R, Pavão GB, de Oliveira ALL et al (2015) Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities exhibited by endophytic fungi from the Brazilian marine red alga Bostrychia tenella (Ceramiales). Rev Bras Farmacogn 25:641–650

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sun R, Miao F, Zhang J et al (2013) Three new xanthone derivatives from an algicolous isolate of Aspergillus wentii. Magn Reson Chem 51:65–68

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gao S, Li X, Zhang Y et al (2011) Conidiogenones H and I, two new diterpenes of Cyclopiane class from a marine-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum QEN-24S. Chem Biodivers 8:1748–1753

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Abdel-Lateff A, Fisch KM, Wright AD, König GM (2003) A new antioxidant isobenzofuranone derivative from the algicolous marine fungus Epicoccum sp. Planta Med 69:831–834

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Abdel-Lateff A, Klemke C, König GM, Wright AD (2003) Two new xanthone derivatives from the algicolous marine fungus Wardomyces anomalus. J Nat Prod 66:706–708

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Cai R, Chen S, Long Y et al (2017) Depsidones from Talaromyces stipitatus SK-4, an endophytic fungus of the mangrove plant Acanthus ilicifolius. Phytochem Lett 20:196–199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cui C, Li X, Li C et al (2009) Benzodiazepine alkaloids from marine-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus ochraceus. Helv Chim Acta 92:1366–1370

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Abdel-Lateff A (2008) Chaetominedione, a new tyrosine kinase inhibitor isolated from the algicolous marine fungus Chaetomium sp. Tetrahedron Lett 49:6398–6400

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Gopal B, Chauhan M (2006) Biodiversity and its conservation in the Sundarban Mangrove Ecosystem. Aquat Sci 68:338–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Shearer CA, Descals E, Kohlmeyer B et al (2007) Fungal biodiversity in aquatic habitats. Biodivers Conserv 16:49–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sridhar K (2004) Mangrove fungi in India. Curr Sci 86:1586–1587

    Google Scholar 

  25. Balagurunathan R, Radhakrishnan M (2007) Exploiting the less explored-microbial endophytes. Adv Biotechnol 6:20–23

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mishra R, Sarma VV (2017) Mycoremediation of heavy metal and hydrocarbon pollutants by endophytic fungi. In: Mycoremediation and environmental sustainability. Springer, Cham, pp 133–151

    Google Scholar 

  27. Yang HB, Tan N, Wu FJ et al (2012) Biosorption of uranium (VI) by a mangrove endophytic fungus Fusarium sp.# ZZF51 from the South China Sea. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 292:1011–1016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Meng L-H, Wang C-Y, Mándi A et al (2016) Three diketopiperazine alkaloids with spirocyclic skeletons and one bisthiodiketopiperazine derivative from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium brocae MA-231. Org Lett 18:5304–5307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Huang J, Xu J, Wang Z et al (2017) New lasiodiplodins from mangrove endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. 318#. Nat Prod Res 31:326–332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Liu S, Dai H, Makhloufi G et al (2016) Cytotoxic 14-membered macrolides from a mangrove-derived endophytic fungus, Pestalotiopsis microspora. J Nat Prod 79:2332–2340

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Moussa M, Ebrahim W, El-Neketi M et al (2016) Tetrahydroanthraquinone derivatives from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Stemphylium globuliferum. Tetrahedron Lett 57:4074–4078

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Chen S, Liu Z, Liu Y et al (2015) New depsidones and isoindolinones from the mangrove endophytic fungus Meyerozyma guilliermondii (HZ-Y2) isolated from the South China Sea. Beilstein J Org Chem 11:1187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhou X-M, Zheng C-J, Chen G-Y et al (2014) Bioactive anthraquinone derivatives from the mangrove-derived fungus Stemphylium sp. 33231. J Nat Prod 77:2021–2028

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Yu G, Zhou G, Zhu M et al (2015) Neosartoryadins A and B, fumiquinazoline alkaloids from a mangrove-derived fungus Neosartorya udagawae HDN13-313. Org Lett 18:244–247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Huang S, Ding W, Li C, Cox DG (2014) Two new cyclopeptides from the co-culture broth of two marine mangrove fungi and their antifungal activity. Pharmacogn Mag 10:410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Ravindran C, Naveenan T, Varatharajan GR et al (2012) Antioxidants in mangrove plants and endophytic fungal associations. Bot Mar 55:269–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Huang X, Huang H, Li H et al (2013) Asperterpenoid A, a new sesterterpenoid as an inhibitor of mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B from the culture of Aspergillus sp. 16-5c. Org Lett 15:721–723

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Xia G, Li J, Li H et al (2014) Alterporriol-type dimers from the mangrove endophytic fungus, Alternaria sp.(SK11), and their MptpB inhibitions. Mar Drugs 12:2953–2969

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Liu Z, Liu H, Chen Y, She Z (2017) A new anti-inflammatory meroterpenoid from the fungus Aspergillus terreus H010. Nat Prod Res 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2017.1375924

  40. Almeida C, Hemberger Y, Schmitt SM et al (2012) Marilines A–C: novel phthalimidines from the sponge-derived fungus Stachylidium sp. Chem Eur J 18:8827–8834

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sibero MT, Sabdaningsih A, Cristianawati O et al (2017) Isolation, identification and screening antibacterial activity from marine sponge-associated fungi against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 55:012028. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/55/1/012028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Wang J, Wang Z, Ju Z et al (2015) Cytotoxic cytochalasins from marine-derived fungus Arthrinium arundinis. Planta Med 81:160–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Kossuga MH, Romminger S, Xavier C et al (2012) Evaluating methods for the isolation of marine-derived fungal strains and production of bioactive secondary metabolites. Rev Bras Farmacogn 22:257–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Yu Z, Lang G, Kajahn I et al (2008) Scopularides A and B, cyclodepsipeptides from a marine sponge-derived fungus, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. J Nat Prod 71:1052–1054

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Sun L-L, Shao C-L, Chen J-F et al (2012) New bisabolane sesquiterpenoids from a marine-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. isolated from the sponge Xestospongia testudinaria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 22:1326–1329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Rateb ME, Ebel R (2011) Secondary metabolites of fungi from marine habitats. Nat Prod Rep 28:290–344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Debbab A, Aly AH, Proksch P (2013) Mangrove derived fungal endophytes–a chemical and biological perception. Fungal Divers 61:1–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Sarasan M, Puthumana J, Job N et al (2017) Marine algicolous endophytic fungi–A promising drug resource of the era. J Microbiol Biotechnol 27:1039–1052

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Debbab A, Aly AH, Proksch P (2011) Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytes and associated marine derived fungi. Fungal Divers 49:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Kjer J, Wray V, Edrada-Ebel R et al (2009) Xanalteric acids I and II and related phenolic compounds from an endophytic Alternaria sp. isolated from the mangrove plant Sonneratia alba. J Nat Prod 72:2053–2057

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Kjer J, Debbab A, Aly AH, Proksch P (2010) Methods for isolation of marine-derived endophytic fungi and their bioactive secondary products. Nat Protoc 5:479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Wang J, Ding W, Wang R et al (2015) Identification and bioactivity of compounds from the mangrove endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. Mar Drugs 13:4492–4504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Liu Y, Wu Y, Zhai R et al (2016) Altenusin derivatives from mangrove endophytic fungus Alternaria sp. SK6YW3L. RSC Adv 6:72127–72132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Zhang P, Li X, Wang BG (2016) Secondary metabolites from the marine algal-derived endophytic fungi: chemical diversity and biological activity. Planta Med 82:832–842

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Debbab A, Aly AH, Proksch P (2012) Endophytes and associated marine derived fungi – ecological and chemical perspectives. Fungal Divers 57:45–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Liu Y, Stuhldreier F, Kurtán T et al (2017) Daldinone derivatives from the mangrove-derived endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon sp. RSC Adv 7:5381–5393

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Klemke C, Kehraus S, Wright AD, König GM (2004) New secondary metabolites from the marine endophytic fungus Apiospora montagnei. J Nat Prod 67:1058–1063

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Chen Y, Liu Z, Liu H et al (2018) Dichloroisocoumarins with potential anti-inflammatory activity from the mangrove endophytic fungus Ascomycota sp. CYSK-4. Mar Drugs 16:54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Debbab A, Aly AH, Lin WH, Proksch P (2010) Bioactive compounds from marine bacteria and fungi. Microb Biotechnol 3:544–563

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Elissawy AM, El-Shazly M, Ebada SS et al (2015) Bioactive terpenes from marine-derived fungi. Mar Drugs 13:1966–1992

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Gomes NGM, Lefranc F, Kijjoa A, Kiss R (2015) Can some marine-derived fungal metabolites become actual anticancer agents? Mar Drugs 13:3950–3991

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. An C-Y, Li X-M, Li C-S et al (2013) Aniquinazolines A–D, four new quinazolinone alkaloids from marine-derived endophytic fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Mar Drugs 11:2682–2694

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Xiao Z, Huang H, Shao C et al (2013) Asperterpenols A and B, new sesterterpenoids isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242. Org Lett 15:2522–2525

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Ze’en Xiao SC, Cai R, Shao’e Lin KH, She Z (2016) New furoisocoumarins and isocoumarins from the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. 085242. Beilstein J Org Chem 12:2077

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Li D, Xu Y, Shao C-L et al (2012) Antibacterial bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids from the sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. Mar Drugs 10:234–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Ju Z, Qin X, Lin X et al (2016) New phenyl derivatives from endophytic fungus Botryosphaeria sp. SCSIO KcF6 derived of mangrove plant Kandelia candel. Nat Prod Res 30:192–198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Zhu M, Zhang X, Feng H et al (2016) Campyridones A–D, pyridone alkaloids from a mangrove endophytic fungus Campylocarpon sp. HDN13-307. Tetrahedron 72:5679–5683

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Shiono Y, Miyazaki N, Murayama T et al (2016) GSK-3β inhibitory activities of novel dichroloresorcinol derivatives from Cosmospora vilior isolated from a mangrove plant. Phytochem Lett 18:122–127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Cui H, Yu J, Chen S et al (2017) Alkaloids from the mangrove endophytic fungus Diaporthe phaseolorum SKS019. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 27:803–807

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Calcul L, Waterman C, Ma WS et al (2013) Screening mangrove endophytic fungi for antimalarial natural products. Mar Drugs 11:5036–5050

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Chen Y-X, Xu M-Y, Li H-J et al (2017) Diverse secondary metabolites from the marine-derived fungus Dichotomomyces cejpii F31-1. Mar Drugs 15:339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. Yan H, Li X, Li C, Wang B (2012) Alkaloid and anthraquinone derivatives produced by the marine-derived endophytic fungus Eurotium rubrum. Helv Chim Acta 95:163–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Cui H, Liu Y, Ding M et al (2017) New pyranonaphthazarin and 2-naphthoic acid derivatives from the mangrove endophytic fungus Leptosphaerulina sp. SKS032. Phytochem Lett 20:214–217

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Hasan S, Ansari MI, Ahmad A, Mishra M (2015) Major bioactive metabolites from marine fungi: a review. Bioinformation 11:176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Xu J, Takasaki A, Kobayashi H et al (2006) Four new macrocyclic trichothecenes from two strains of marine-derived fungi of the genus Myrothecium. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 59:451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Gao S-S, Li X-M, Li C-S et al (2011) Penicisteroids A and B, antifungal and cytotoxic polyoxygenated steroids from the marine alga-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum QEN-24S. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 21:2894–2897

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Mousa WK, Raizada MN (2013) The diversity of anti-microbial secondary metabolites produced by fungal endophytes: an interdisciplinary perspective. Front Microbiol 4:65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Imhoff JF (2016) Natural products from marine fungi – still an underrepresented resource. Mar Drugs 14:19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Huang G-L, Zhou X-M, Bai M et al (2016) Dihydroisocoumarins from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium citrinum. Mar Drugs 14:177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. Zhang P, Li X-M, Liu H et al (2015) Two new alkaloids from Penicillium oxalicum EN-201, an endophytic fungus derived from the marine mangrove plant Rhizophora stylosa. Phytochem Lett 13:160–164

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Zheng C, Chen Y, Jiang L-L, Shi X-M (2014) Antiproliferative metabolites from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. FJ-1 isolated from a mangrove Avicennia marina. Phytochem Lett 10:272–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Liu F, Cai X-L, Yang H et al (2010) The bioactive metabolites of the mangrove endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp. ZH-154 isolated from Kandelia candel (L.) Druce. Planta Med 76:185–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Liu H, Chen S, Liu W et al (2016) Polyketides with immunosuppressive activities from mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. ZJ-SY2. Mar Drugs 14:217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Imhoff JF, Labes A, Wiese J (2011) Bio-mining the microbial treasures of the ocean: new natural products. Biotechnol Adv 29:468–482

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Lei H, Lin X, Han L et al (2017) Polyketide derivatives from a marine-sponge-associated fungus Pestalotiopsis heterocornis. Phytochemistry 142:51–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Wang J, Wei X, Lu X et al (2014) Eight new polyketide metabolites from the fungus Pestalotiopsis vaccinii endogenous with the mangrove plant Kandelia candel (L.) Druce. Tetrahedron 70:9695–9701

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Yu H, Zhang L, Li L et al (2010) Recent developments and future prospects of antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytes. Microbiol Res 165:437–449

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Xu L, Meng W, Cao C et al (2015) Antibacterial and antifungal compounds from marine fungi. Mar Drugs 13:3479–3513

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Klaiklay S, Rukachaisirikul V, Tadpetch K et al (2012) Chlorinated chromone and diphenyl ether derivatives from the mangrove-derived fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. PSU-MA69. Tetrahedron 68:2299–2305

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Luo Y-F, Zhang M, Dai J-G et al (2016) Cytochalasins from mangrove endophytic fungi Phomopsis spp. xy21 and xy22. Phytochem Lett 17:162–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Wibowo M, Prachyawarakorn V, Aree T et al (2016) Cytotoxic sesquiterpenes from the endophytic fungus Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola. Phytochemistry 122:126–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Chen S, Liu Y, Liu Z et al (2016) Isocoumarins and benzofurans from the mangrove endophytic fungus Talaromyces amestolkiae possess α-glucosidase inhibitory and antibacterial activities. RSC Adv 6:26412–26420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Nicoletti R, Salvatore MM, Andolfi A (2018) Secondary metabolites of mangrove-associated strains of Talaromyces. Mar Drugs 16:12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Chen S, He L, Chen D et al (2017) Talaramide A, an unusual alkaloid from the mangrove endophytic fungus Talaromyces sp.(HZ-YX1) as an inhibitor of mycobacterial PknG. New J Chem 41:4273–4276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Zhang M, Liu J-M, Zhao J-L et al (2016) Two new diterpenoids from the endophytic fungus Trichoderma sp. Xy24 isolated from mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum. Chin Chem Lett 27:957–960

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Tarman K, Lindequist U, Wende K et al (2011) Isolation of a new natural product and cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of extracts from fungi of Indonesian marine habitats. Mar Drugs 9:294–306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Deshmukh SK, Prakash V, Ranjan N (2017) Marine fungi: a source of potential anticancer compounds. Front Microbiol 8:2536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Wu Y-Z, Qiao F, Xu G-W et al (2015) Neuroprotective metabolites from the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of the mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Phytochem Lett 12:148–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Li H, Jiang J, Liu Z et al (2014) Peniphenones A–D from the mangrove fungus Penicillium dipodomyicola HN4-3A as inhibitors of mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphatase MptpB. J Nat Prod 77:800–806

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Tasdemir D (2017) Marine fungi in the spotlight: opportunities and challenges for marine fungal natural product discovery and biotechnology Fungal Biology and Biotechnology 20174:5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40694-017-0034-1

  101. Jones EBG, Mitchell 1L (1996) Biodiversity of marine fungi. In: Biodiversity. International Biodiversity seminar ECCO XIV Meeting (ed. A. Cimerman and N. Gunde-Cimerman). National Institute of Chemistry and Slovenia national Commission for UNESCO, Ljublijana: 31–42

    Google Scholar 

  102. Zuccaro A, Mitchell JI (2005) Fungal communities of seaweeds. Mycol Ser 23:533

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Venkateswara Sarma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Rashmi, M., Kushveer, J.S., Sarma, V.V. (2018). Secondary Metabolites Produced by Endophytic Fungi from Marine Environments. In: Jha, S. (eds) Endophytes and Secondary Metabolites. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76900-4_21-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76900-4_21-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-76900-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-76900-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

Publish with us

Policies and ethics