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Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in the Arab World

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World

  • 29 Accesses

Abstract

Arterial and venous thromboembolism are leading causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. Heparins (unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins) and vitamin K antagonists have been the leading therapeutic medical options for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disorders for almost 70 years. Nevertheless, the many limitations of these traditional anticoagulants have fueled the search for novel agents over the past 15 years, and a new class of oral anticoagulants that specifically target activated factor X and thrombin have been developed and are now commercially available.

The most common complication of these therapies is bleeding; patients who require these therapies risk thrombotic events, making it a challenge to manage these kinds of complications. The best way to deal with these treatment complications is to educate patients with regard to their medication, and assure them a good adherence to their treatment. This chapter reviews research into adherence to medication regimens in anticoagulant treatment in the Arab world, identifying the extent to which adherence to medication regimens have been studied in the region, and to review evidence regarding adherence rates, the reasons for nonadherence and its impact on patients from the Arab countries. We also document the factors associated with the use of warfarin and the risk of bleeding in the Arab world in order to better understand the causes of the high rate of bleeding incidents in this region.

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Abbreviations

AF:

Atrial fibrillation

aPTT:

Activated partial thromboplastin time

BRCP:

Breast cancer resistance protein

DOAC:

Direct oral anticoagulants

dTT:

Dilute thrombin time

DVT:

Deep vein thrombosis

ECT:

Ecarin clotting time

EQ-VAS:

EQ-visual analog scale

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

HMC:

Hamad Medical Corporation

HRQoL:

Health-related quality of life

INR:

International normalized ratio

IV:

Intravenous

KAMC:

King Abdulaziz Medical City

KSA:

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

LMWH:

Low-molecular-weight heparins

MAMS:

Medication adherence measuring scale

MENA:

Middle East and North Africa

NOACs:

Novel oral anticoagulants

PCC:

Prothrombin complex concentrates

PE:

Pulmonary embolism

PT:

Prothrombin time

QOL:

Quality of life

SC:

Subcutaneous

SD:

Standard deviation

SKG:

Satisfactory knowledge group

UAE:

United Arab Emirates

UFH:

Unfractionated heparin

UKG:

Unsatisfactory knowledge group

VKA:

Vitamin K antagonists

VKOR:

Vitamin K epoxide reductase

VTE:

Venous thromboembolism

WBCT:

Whole blood clotting time

WTA:

Adherence to warfarin therapy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical and Interventional Cardiology, University Med VI of Health Sciences – International Universal Hospital Cheikh Khalifa, Casablanca, Morocco

    Salma Abdeladim, Mahassine Elharrass, Ilham Bensahi, Amal Elouarradi & Mohamed Sabry

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  1. Salma Abdeladim
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  2. Mahassine Elharrass
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Pharmacology Therapeutics, University of British Colombia Dept. Pharmacology Therapeutics, VANCOUVER, BC, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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  1. National Center for Research on Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Collaborating with WHO-EMRO-GARD, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria

    Yousser Mohammad

  2. Syrian Private University, Daraa, Syria

    Yousser Mohammad

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Abdeladim, S., Elharrass, M., Bensahi, I., Elouarradi, A., Sabry, M. (2021). Oral Anticoagulant Therapy in the Arab World. In: Laher, I. (eds) Handbook of Healthcare in the Arab World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74365-3_194-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74365-3_194-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74365-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74365-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

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