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Lipid Rafts in Bacteria: Structure and Function

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Health Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids

Part of the book series: Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology ((HHLM))

Abstract

“Lipid raft” is the term applied to transient lipid domains organized laterally within the plane of biological membranes. These structures are thought to range in size from tens to hundreds of nanometers and to be compositionally enriched in high-melting temperature lipids. These characteristics create different physical environments within the “rafts” and in the continuous lipid phase that surrounds them. Based on the principle of hydrophobic mismatch and other properties, membrane proteins preferentially partition into, or out of, the raft, facilitating protein interactions, which in turn regulate downstream cellular processes. Though better understood in the context of the eukaryotic cell membrane, microbial membranes also appear to utilize similar principles to organize their membranes – though their lipid compositions differ considerably from those of eukaryotic membranes. Raft-like structures have been directly observed in microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis, and a number of functional roles for rafts are being investigated. Among these roles is the organization of proteins associated with antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, further highlighting the importance of lipids and lipid rafts, in biology and medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Jonathan D. Nickels, Jacob Hogg & Destini Cordner

  2. Large Scale Structures Group, Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

    John Katsaras

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  1. Jonathan D. Nickels
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  4. John Katsaras
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Correspondence to John Katsaras .

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  1. Dept. Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Dept. Microbiology, PHILADELPHIA, PA, USA

    Howard Goldfine

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Nickels, J.D., Hogg, J., Cordner, D., Katsaras, J. (2019). Lipid Rafts in Bacteria: Structure and Function. In: Goldfine, H. (eds) Health Consequences of Microbial Interactions with Hydrocarbons, Oils, and Lipids. Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72473-7_3-1

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