Synonyms
Definition
Mangroves are typically defined as the halophytic woody plant communities that occur along the tropical and subtropical coastlines (Biswas et al. 2012). According to Tomlinson (1986), a true mangrove species should have complete fidelity to the mangrove environment, has the ability to form pure stands, possesses morphological and physiological specialization for adaptation to mangrove habitat, and is usually taxonomically isolated from their terrestrial relatives. On the other hand, the term mangrove ecology refers to the ecological characteristics of both mangrove species and mangrove forests, and the term threats to mangrove forest refers to the stressors that usually lead to decline in quantity and quality of a mangrove forest (McKee 1996).
Introduction
The halophytic plant communities along the tropical and subtropical coastlines are termed as mangroves (Biswas et al. 2012). Several other...
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Biswas, P.L., Biswas, S.R. (2019). Mangrove Forests: Ecology, Management, and Threats. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A., Brandli, L., Özuyar, P., Wall, T. (eds) Life on Land. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71065-5_26-1
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