Definitions
Electric mobility deals with sorts of transportation (two-wheel vehicles, cars, trucks, buses, trains, ships, airplanes) in which electricity is used to supply electric motors to provide, partially or totally, the mechanical power required to produce motion.
Introduction
Different forms of transportation are required in all economic sectors, and the twentieth century witnessed a massive growth in all sectors, with particular emphasis on road and air travel. The development of sustainable transportation appears to be a key condition to promote the improvement of the quality of life of a growing population around the world.
During the past century, oil-based derivatives supplied the bulk of this transportation growth, leading to large growth, not only of oil consumption but also of the associated environmental emissions. These emissions (such as NOx, CO, SO2, VOCs, and particles) are a cause of concern because of their impact on air quality, which in large urban areas...
References
Alvarenga A (2016) A COP 21 e a descarbonizaĂ§Ă£o total da economia no fim do sĂ©culo XXI. https://www.bcsdportugal.org/noticias/a-cop-21-e-a-descarbonizacao-total-da-economia-no-fim-do-seculo-xxi-o-fim-dos-combustiveis-fosseis. Accessed 3 June 2020
Alvarez S (2020) Tesla virtual power plant in Australia is proving that community-powered grids are feasible. https://www.teslarati.com/tesla-virtual-power-plant-australia-first-reviews/. April 6, 2020
Balaraman K (2020) Hawaiian Electric eyes 460 MW solar, 3 GWh storage to help meet renewables goals. https://www.utilitydive.com/news/hawaiian-electric-eyes-460-mw-solar-3-gwh-storage-to-help-meet-renewables/577929/. May 14, 2020
Bloomberg (2018) Aleksandra O’Donovan, Electric buses in cities – driving towards cleaner air and lower CO2. https://c40-production-images.s3.amazonaws.com/other_uploads/images/1726_BNEF_C40_Electric_buses_in_cities_FINAL_APPROVED_%282%29.original.pdf?1523363881. March 29, 2018
Bloomberg(2019) Bloomberg NEF’s, Electric Vehicle Outlook 2019. https://about.bnef.com/electric-vehicle-outlook/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Climate (2020) Record high temps vs. record low temps. http://www.climatesignals.org/data/record-high-temps-vs-record-low-temps. Accessed 3 June 2020
Colthorpe A (2020) Already cheaper to install new-build battery storage than peaking plants. https://www.energy-storage.news/news/bloombergnef-lcoe-of-battery-storage-has-fallen-faster-than-solar-or-wind-i. April 30, 2020
Delgado J et al (2018) Impacts of plug-in electric vehicles in the Portuguese electrical grid. Transp Res Part D: Transp Environ 62:372–385
Delphi (2019) 48-volt, mild hybrid: four-times the voltage and power. https://www.delphi.com/innovations/48-volt-mild-hybrid. Accessed 3 June 2020
Dent M, Martin C (2019) The world will get half its power from wind, solar by 2050. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-06-18/the-world-will-get-half-its-power-from-wind-and-solar-by-2050
Dinis A (2018) O primeiro hĂbrido. https://www.wattson.pt/2018/02/01/o-primeiro-hibrido/. Accessed 3 June 2020
EDF (2020) Electric cars with the longest range. https://www.edfenergy.com/electric-cars/longest-range. Accessed 3 June 2020
ELTIS (2014) Wireless charging system for electrical vehicles. https://www.eltis.org/discover/news/wireless-charging-system-electrical-vehicles-0. Accessed 3 June 2020
Faria R, Marques P, Moura P, Freire F, Delgado J, de Almeida AT (2013) Impact of the electricity mix and use profile in the life-cycle assessment of electric vehicles. Renew Sust Energ Rev 24:271–287
Fustier K, et al (2016) Global oil supply – will mature field declines drive the next supply crunch? Multi-Asset Natural Resources & Energy. https://www.lemonde.fr/blog/petrole/files/2017/01/HSBC-peak-oil-report-2017.pdf. September 2016
Golson J (2017) Tesla built a huge solar energy plant on the island of Kauai. https://www.theverge.com/2017/3/8/14854858/tesla-solar-hawaii-kauai-kiuc-powerpack-battery-generator. Mar 8, 2017
Hall D, Lutsey N (2019) Estimating the infrastructure needs and costs for the launch of zero-emission trucks. International Council on Clean Transportation. https://theicct.org/publications/zero-emission-truck-infrastructure. August 2019
Holbrook E (2020) Abu Dhabi launches commercial bid for world’s largest solar power plant project. https://www.environmentalleader.com/2020/04/abu-dhabi-launches-commercial-bid-for-worlds-largest-solar-power-plant-project/. April 29, 2020
IEA (2011) IEA-advanced motor fuels annual report 2011, p 12. https://iea-amf.org/app/webroot/files/file/Annual%20Reports/Annual%20Report%202011%20Final_pdf
IEA (2016) Global EV Outlook 2016 – electric vehicles Initiative. International Energy Agency. https://www.iea.org/
IEA (2019) Global EV Outlook 2019 – technology report. https://www.iea.org/reports/global-ev-outlook-2019. May 2019
Kennedy I (2019) The appearance of 48V mild hybrid. https://efficiencywins.nexperia.com/innovation/the-appearance-of-48v-mild-hybrid.html. Accessed 3 June 2020
Lieber G(2019) Nissan LEAF e-Plus test drive 2019. https://insideevs.com/reviews/343034/nissan-leaf-e-plus-test-drive-add-it-to-your-ev-buying-shortlist/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Lima P (2020) CATL’s cobalt-free battery cells are already below 60 euros per kWh. https://pushevs.com/2020/05/18/catl-cobalt-free-battery-cells-are-already-below-60-euros-per-kwh/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Mahmouda M et al (2016) Electric buses: a review of alternative powertrains. Renew Sust Energ Rev 62:673–684
Manshadi S et al (2017) Wireless charging of electric vehicles in electricity and transportation networks. IEEE Trans Smart Grid. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313235507_Wireless_Charging_of_Electric_Vehicles_in_Electricity_and_Transportation_Networks. January 2017
Mazareanu E (2019) Projected municipal e-bus fleet worldwide from 2018 to 2040, by country or region. https://www.statista.com/statistics/577685/forecast-for-global-transit-bus-sales/. July 5, 2019
Pietrzak K, Pietrzak O (2020) Environmental effects of electromobility in a sustainable Urban public transport. Road traffic engineering and sustainable transportation. Sustainability 12(3):1052. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031052
Ritchie H, Roser M (2017) Global fossil fuel consumption over the long-term. https://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels. Accessed 3 June 2020
Ryu M, Khanna A, Mallette F (2018) Accelerating electrification: critical steps toward electric vehicle mass adoption. L.E.K. consulting/executive insights. XX(34). https://www.lek.com/sites/default/files/insights/pdf-attachments/2034-Accelerating-Electrification-Critical-Steps.pdf. Accessed on June 3 2020
Schmidt B (2020) Tesla’s switch on vehicle-to-grid technology is big news for clean energy shift. https://thedriven.io/2020/05/20/teslas-switch-on-vehicle-to-grid-technology-is-big-news-for-clean-energy-shift/. May 22, 2020. Accessed 3 June 2020
Sherman D (2014) What is the Atkinson combustion cycle, and what are its benefits? https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15345875/what-is-the-atkinson-combustion-cycle-and-what-are-its-benefits/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Simpson C, et al (2019) Mobility 2030: transforming the mobility landscape. KPMG Global Strategy Group. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2019/02/mobility-2030-transforming-the-mobility-landscape.pdf. Accessed 19 June 2020
Steiner S, et al (2016) Diesel exhaust: current knowledge of adverse effects and underlying cellular mechanisms. Arch Toxicol. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4894930/. Published 10 May 2016
Tainio M, et al (2017) Mortality, greenhouse gas emissions and consumer cost impacts of combined diet and physical activity scenarios: a health impact assessment study. https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/2/e014199. Published online 21 Feb 2017
Toyota Prius (2015). https://blog.toyota.co.uk/history-toyota-prius. Accessed 3 June 2020
Vossler C (2014) The underbody of the BMW i3 Rex. https://www.bmwblog.com/2014/12/05/underbody-bmw-i3-rex/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Wienkötter M (2018) The history of Porsche begins electrically. https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/products/taycan/history-18563.html. Accessed 3 June 2020
Wiesenfelder J (2010) The Great Chevy Volt Hybrid Mishap explained. https://www.cars.com/articles/the-great-chevy-volt-hybrid-mishap-explained-1420663190157/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Worldometers_1 (2020) World population by year. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/world-population-by-year/. Accessed 3 June 2020
Zhang R, Fujimori S (2020) The role of transport electrification in global climate change mitigation scenarios. Environ Res Lett 15(3). https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab6658
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Delgado, J., Moura, P., de Almeida, A.T. (2020). Electric Mobility: Key Technology to Decarbonize the Economy and Improve Air Quality. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A.M., Brandli, L., Lange Salvia, A., Wall, T. (eds) Affordable and Clean Energy. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71057-0_127-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71057-0_127-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-71057-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-71057-0
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth and Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Earth and Environmental Sciences