Definitions
Labor market is a place where work is exchanged for wage. Labor markets can be identified by a combination of such factors as geography (local, regional, national, and/or international), industry, education, licensing or certification, and occupation. More generally, labor market can refer to processes by which workers and employers are brought into contact and wages and conditions of work are decided (Black et al. 2017).
Labor force is the sum of the employed and the unemployed (International Labor Organization 2013).
Labor segregation or occupational segregationrefers to the unequal distribution of men and women in the professional structure – sometimes also (and more accurately) called “occupational segregation by sex.” There are two forms. Vertical segregation describes the clustering of men at the top of occupational hierarchies and women at the bottom; “horizontal segregation” describes the fact that at the same occupational level (i.e., within occupational classes...
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Gámez, A.E., Angeles, M. (2019). Women’s Participation in the Labor Market. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A., Brandli, L., Özuyar, P., Wall, T. (eds) Gender Equality. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70060-1_3-1
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