Skip to main content

Business Legitimacy in the Social Market Economy: Individual and Corporate Economic Citizenship

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Business Legitimacy

Abstract

Questions of business legitimacy do not touch upon organizational and stakeholder issues alone. Businesses are also set in a particular social and economic system, with specific norms and values that need to be considered – especially in an economy that is increasingly connected, globally and culturally. To analyze this normative background, the idea of a social market economy needs to be considered. Being the spiritual and factual foundation for many European economies, it suggests a more just design for economic policy, possibly remedying the problems and inequalities the past decades of unbridled capitalism have brought.

Considering this idea of a specific economic order, the social market economy is examined with regard to business legitimacy, i.e., the relationship of business and society and how it ties in with current debates of business legitimacy. By looking at the historic economic thoughts of ordoliberalism as its underlying theoretical foundation, what defines a social market economy and the role of business for this economic order are discussed. The discussion of a just economic order is then connected to considerations of a republican view of economic citizenship. This concept ties the idea of the social market economy to both the legitimacy and responsibility of businesses and individual integrity and citizenship.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Aßländer MS (2009) Wohlstand für alle? Die Soziale Marktwirtschaft vor der globalen Herausforderung. In: Aßländer MS, Ulrich P (eds) 60 Jahre Soziale Marktwirtschaft: Illusionen und Reinterpretationen einer ordnungspolitischen Integrationsformel. Haupt Verlag, Bern/Stuttgart/Wien, pp 223–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Beschorner T, Schank C (2013) The citizenship and responsibility of corporations. In: Zsolnai L (ed) Handbook of business ethics. Ethics in the new economy. Peter Lang, Bern, pp 85–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowen H (1953) Social responsibilities of the businessman. 1. Harper, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll AB (1999) Corporate social responsibility: evolution of a definitional construct. Bus Soc 38(3):268–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castka P, Balzarova MA (2008) Adoption of social responsibility through the expansion of existing management systems. Ind Manag Data Syst 108:297–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deephouse DL, Suchman M (2008) Legitimacy in organizational institutionalism. In: Greenwood R, Oliver C, Sahlin KR Suddaby (eds) The handbook of organizational institutionalism. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage, pp 49–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Eucken W (1990) Grundsätze der Wirtschaftspolitik, 6th edn. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  • European Union (2007) Treaty of Lisbon. http://publications.europa.eu/resource/cellar/688a7a98-3110-4ffe-a6b3-8972d8445325.0007.01/DOC_19

  • Freeman RE (1984) Strategic management: a stakeholder approach. Pitman, Marshfield

    Google Scholar 

  • Freeman RE (2004) The stakeholder approach revisited. Z Wirtsch Unternehmensethik 5(3):228–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freeman RE, McVea J (2001) A stakeholder approach to strategic management. In: Hitt MA, Freeman RE, Harrison JS (eds) The Blackwell handbook of strategic management. Blackwell Business, Oxford, pp 189–207

    Google Scholar 

  • French PA (1979) The corporation as a moral person. Am Philos Q 16/3:207–215

    Google Scholar 

  • French PA (1995) Corporate ethics. Harcout Brace College Publishers, Fort Worth

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman M (1970) The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970, 32–33, 122–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehman J, Lefsrud LM, Fast S (2017) Social license to operate. Legitimacy by another name? Can Public Adm 60(2):293–317

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldschmidt N (2009) Die Geburt der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft aus dem Geiste der Religion. Walter Eucken und das soziale Anliegen des Neoliberalismus. In: Aßländer M, Ulrich P (eds) 60 Jahre Soziale Marktwirtschaft. Illusionen und Reinterpretationen einer ordnungspolitischen Integrationsformel. Haupt, Bern, pp 27–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodpaster KE (1983) The concept of corporate responsibility. J Bus Ethics 2:1–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodpaster KE, Matthews JB (1983) Can corporation have a conscience. In: Beauchamp TL, Bowie NE (eds) Ethical theory and business. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, pp 68–81

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodstein JD (2000) Moral compromise and personal integrity: exploring the ethical issues of deciding together in organizations. Bus Ethics Q 10(3):805–819

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hettne B (2000) The fate of citizenship in post-Westphalia. Citizsh Stud 4:35–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen MC, Meckling WH (1976) Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. J Financ Econ 3(4):305–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koehn D (2005) Integrity as a business asset. J Bus Ethics 58:125–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ladd J (1983) Morality and the ideal of rationality in formal organizations. In: Donaldson T, Werhane PH (eds) Ethical issues in business. A philosophical approach. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, pp 125–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawson T (2005) The nature of heterodox economics. Camb J Econ 30(4):483–505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lorch A (2014) Freiheit für alle. Grundlagen einer neuen Sozialen Marktwirtschaft. Campus, Frankfurt/ New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorch A (2017) Die Gesellschaftstheorie der Sozialen Marktwirtschaft – eine kritische Reflexion der normativen Grundlagen des Ordoliberalismus. Journal for Business, Economics & Ethics (zfwu) 18/01:38–57. https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2017-1-38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lorch A, Beschorner T (2018) Integrative economic ethics. Concept and critique. In: Heath E, Kaldis B, Marcoux A (eds) The Routledge companion to business ethics. Routledge, New York, pp 204–220

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Matten D, Crane A (2005) Corporate citizenship: toward an extended theoretical conceptualization. Acad Manag Rev 30(1):166–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McFall L (1987) Integrity. Ethics 98(1):5–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mirowski P, Plehwe D (eds) (2009) The road from Mont Pèlerin: the making of the neoliberal thought collective. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Moon J, Crane A, Matten D (2003) Can corporations be citizens? Corporate citizenship as a metaphor for business participations in society. ICCSR Research Paper Series, 13-2003

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Armack A (1978) The social market economy as an economic and social order. Rev Soc Econ 36(3):325–331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Müller-Armack A (1981) Religion und Wirtschaft: geistesgeschichtliche Hintergründe unserer europäischen Lebensform. Haupt, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Palazzo G, Scherer AG (2006) Corporate legitimacy as deliberation. J Bus Ethics 66:71–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peter F (2017) Political legitimacy. In: Zalta EN (ed) The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Summer 2017 Edition). https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/legitimacy/

  • Ptak R (2004) Vom Ordoliberalismus zur sozialen Marktwirtschaft: Stationen des Neoliberalismus in Deutschland. Leske und Budrich, Opladen

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Röpke W (1955/2009) Ethik und Wirtschaftsleben. In: Henecke HJ (ed) Wilhelm Röpke: Marktwirtschaft ist nicht genug: gesammelte Aufsätze. Manuscriptum, Waltrop/Leipzig, pp 270–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Röpke W (1958) Jenseits von Angebot und Nachfrage, 2nd edn. Rentsch, Erlenbach-Zürich/Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Sally R (1996) Ordoliberalism and the social market: classical political economy from Germany. New Political Economy 1(2):1–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schank C, Lorch A (2015) Economic citizenship and socio-economic rationality as foundations of an appropriate economic education. Journal of Social Science Education 14(1):56–65. https://doi.org/10.4119/UNIBI/jsse-v14-i1-1271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suchman MC (1995) Managing legitimacy: strategic and institutional approaches. Acad Manag Rev 20(3):571–610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich P (2005) Zivilisierte Marktwirtschaft: Eine wirtschaftsethische Orientierung. Haupt, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich P (2008) Integrative economic ethics: foundations of a civilized market economy (trans: Fearns J). New York, Cambridge University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren RC (2003) The evolution of business legitimacy. Eur Bus Rev 15(3):153–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weber M (1978) Economy and society: an outline of interpretive sociology, vol 1. University of California Press, Berkley

    Google Scholar 

  • Werhane PH (1985) Persons, rights and corporations. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexander Lorch .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Lorch, A., Schank, C. (2019). Business Legitimacy in the Social Market Economy: Individual and Corporate Economic Citizenship. In: Rendtorff, J. (eds) Handbook of Business Legitimacy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68845-9_42-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68845-9_42-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-68845-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-68845-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Religion and PhilosophyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities

Publish with us

Policies and ethics