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Composite Nanofibers for Removing Water Pollutants: Fabrication Techniques

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Handbook of Ecomaterials

Abstract

The world has been facing severe problems regarding air, land, and water contamination by several hazardous chemicals released in the environment, including those arising from industry activities, automobiles exhaustion, food production and consumption, and population growth. Such contaminants, including heavy metals, dyes, and emerging pollutants, can be highly hazardous for human health and terrestrial and aquatic environment. In this context, novel technologies aiming to mitigate or reduce water pollution have been sought, such as those based on filtering- and adsorption-based techniques, in which the choice and/or combination of distinct materials plays a crucial role. Polymer nanofibers have been shown to be highly suitable for such purpose, because of their attractive properties, including small diameters (at the micro- and nanoscale), large porosity, and wide surface area available for chemical functionalization. Among available fiber-forming techniques, electrospinning is capable of producing long and porous fibers of small diameters and wide surface area suitable for removing water pollutants, particularly if their surfaces are functionalized with specific chemicals, aiming at increasing adsorption capability. Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) is a more recent fiber forming technique used for producing nanofibers with properties comparable to electrospinning, but presenting several advantages such as the greatly higher output rate and no requirement of a high-voltage source, once it employs a highly pressurized dragging gas source to produce the nanofibers. Therefore, in this book chapter we will make a comprehensive text on electrospinning and solution blow spinning methods as a valuable tool to produce diverse composite micro- and nanofibers aiming at applications in water pollutants removal.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the financial support from FAPESP (2015/13140-0, 2017/12174-4, 2014/16789-5), CNPq, CAPES (PNPD20131474 - 33001014004P9), MCTI-SisNano and Rede Agronano-EMBRAPA from Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Daniel S. Correa, Luiza A. Mercante, Rodrigo Schneider, Murilo H. M. Facure & Danilo A. Locilento

  2. PPGQ, Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Daniel S. Correa, Rodrigo Schneider, Murilo H. M. Facure & Danilo A. Locilento

  3. PPG-CEM, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luiza A. Mercante

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  1. Daniel S. Correa
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  2. Luiza A. Mercante
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  3. Rodrigo Schneider
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  4. Murilo H. M. Facure
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  5. Danilo A. Locilento
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Daniel S. Correa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León UANL, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

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Correa, D.S., Mercante, L.A., Schneider, R., Facure, M.H.M., Locilento, D.A. (2019). Composite Nanofibers for Removing Water Pollutants: Fabrication Techniques. In: Martínez, L., Kharissova, O., Kharisov, B. (eds) Handbook of Ecomaterials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68255-6_172

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