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Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules pp 2308–2315Cite as

Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors

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Synonyms

GC-A; GC-B; GC-C; GC-D; GC-G; ret-GC; sGC

Historical Background

In 1971 when Sutherland received the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the second messenger cAMP, the functions of cGMP were still a mystery, even though cGMP had been isolated from rat urine in 1963, and an enzyme that cleaved the phosphodiester bond was discovered the following year. The levels of cGMP are regulated by synthesis by guanylyl cyclases (GCs), extrusion from the cell, and/or degradation by phosphodiesterases (Kots et al. 2009).

GCs were discovered, 6 years after the cGMP was identified, by three separate groups (Hardman and Sutherland 1969; Schultz et al. 1969; White and Aurbach 1969). Two classes of GCs, one that is cytosolic (soluble) and the other that is found associated with the particulate or membrane fraction of cells could be identified. The two forms of guanylyl cyclases are composed of polypeptides of different sizes, with different biochemical properties (Kimura and Murad 1974) (Fig. 1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India

    Sandhya S. Visweswariah & Natasha Jaiswal

Authors
  1. Sandhya S. Visweswariah
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  2. Natasha Jaiswal
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Correspondence to Sandhya S. Visweswariah .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea

    Sangdun Choi

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Visweswariah, S.S., Jaiswal, N. (2018). Guanylyl Cyclase Receptors. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_434

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