Historical Background
PKM2 (pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2) is an isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK; ATP, pyruvate 2-O-phosphotranferase; EC 2.7.1.40), a terminal glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes an irreversible, rate-limiting transphosphorylation reaction between phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to generate pyruvate and ATP, accounting for net glycolytic energy (ATP) generation (Mazurek 2011). Consumption of pyruvate in a number of pathways places this enzyme at a crucial metabolic intersection. PK is ubiquitously present in simple to complex organisms. In organisms where PK is absent, its function is fulfilled by another homologue, pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK) (Saavedra-Lira et al. 1998). In most bacteria and lower eukaryotes, only one form of PK is found, although many bacteria have two isozymes. In plants, PK exists in the form of cytoplasmic and plastid isoforms, and in vertebrate...
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Prakasam, G., Iqbal, M.A., Gupta, V., Kumar, B., Bamezai, R.N.K. (2018). Pyruvate Kinase M2. In: Choi, S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101893
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67199-4_101893
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