Synonyms
DRS; Rappaport DRS
Description
The disability rating scale (DRS) was developed as a measure of disability that would be applicable to individuals with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury at a wide range of functional levels from coma through community living. The DRS has been recommended as a primary outcome measure for clinical trials involving individuals with brain injury.
The DRS is an 8-item measure (each rated on a 3–5-point scale) that is summed to give a total score. The DRS addresses all three categories of functioning proposed by the World Health Organization (body function, activity, and participation). The first three items of the DRS (eye opening, communication ability, and motor response) reflect body function. The next three items (cognitive ability for feeding, toileting, and grooming) relate to activity. The last two items (level of functioning and employability) reflect participation. By addressing all three categories of functioning, the measure is...
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Hall, K. M., Hamilton, B. B., Gordon, W. A., & Zasler, N. D. (1993). Characteristics and comparisons of functional assessment indices: Disability rating scale, functional independence measure, and functional assessment measure. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 8, 60–74.
Hall, K. M., Mann, N., High Jr., W. M., Wright, J., Kreutzer, J. S., & Wood, D. (1996). Functional measures after traumatic brain injury: Ceiling effects of FIM, FIM+FAM, DRS, and CIQ. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 11, 27–39.
Hall, K. M., Bushnik, T., Lakisic-Kazazic, B., Wright, J., & Cantagallo, A. (2001). Assessing traumatic brain injury outcome measures for long-term follow-up of community-based individuals. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82, 367–374.
Hammond, F. M., Grattan, K. D., Sasser, H., Corrigan, J. D., Bushnik, T., & Zafonte, R. D. (2001). Long-term recovery course after traumatic brain injury: A comparison of the functional independence measure and the disability rating scale. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 16, 318–329.
Hammond, F. M., Grattan, K. D., Sasser, H., Corrigan, J. D., Rosenthal, M., Bushnik, T., & Shull, W. (2004). Five years after traumatic brain injury: A study of individual outcomes and predictors of change in function. NeuroRehabilitation, 19, 25–35.
Malec, J. F., Hammond, F. M., Giacino, J. T., Whyte, J., & Wright, J. (2012). Structured interview to improve the reliability and psychometric integrity of the disability rating scale. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 93, 1603–1608.
Rappaport, M., Hall, K. M., Hopkins, K., Belleza, T., & Cope, D. N. (1982). Disability rating scale for severe head trauma: Coma to community. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 63, 118–123.
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Wright, J. (2018). Disability Rating Scale. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1802
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1802
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57110-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57111-9
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