Synonyms
Alternate test forms; Multiple test versions
Definition
Cognitive measures that are designed for repeated administration through the use of similar versions of the test material.
Current Knowledge
Patients often need to be evaluated on multiple occasions in order to examine change over the course of time. For example, repeated testing is important in assisting the documentation of deterioration following a diagnosis of progressive dementia or for monitoring the improvement following a closed head injury. Serial testing is not common in neuropsychological practice and have a utility in clinical, forensic, and research settings. However, practice effects of repeated testing can positively skew the results and thereby provide an inflation of patient’s performance. Parallel forms assist in the examination of cognitive improvement across time by altering the material that is presented in order to decrease practice effects without losing the gestalt of the measure that is being...
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References and Readings
Beglinger, L. J., Gaydos, B., Tangphao, O., Duff, K., Karekan, D. A., Crawford, J., et al. (2005). Practice effects and use of alternate forms in serial neuropsychological testing. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 20, 517–529.
Benedict, R. H. B. (1997). Brief visuospatial memory test – Revised. Lutz: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Benedict, R. H. B., & Zgaljardic, D. (1998). Practice effects during repeated administrations of memory tests with and without alternate forms. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 20, 339–352.
Brandt, J., & Benedict, R. H. B. (2001). Hopkins verbal learning test – Revised. Lutz: Psychological Assessment Resources.
Fastenau, P. S., Hankins, W. T., McGinnis, C. M., Moy, T., & Richard, M. (2002). Effects of alternate forms on retest effects in clinical testing [Abstract]. Journal of International Neuropsychological Society, 7, 151.
Heilbronner, R. L., Sweet, J. J., Attix, D. K., Krull, G. K., & Hart, R. P. (2010). Official position of the American academy of clinical neuropsychology on serial neuropsychological assessments: The utility and challenges of repeat test administrations in clinical and forensic contexts. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 24, 1267–1278.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Getz, G.E. (2018). Parallel Forms. In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1229
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1229
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57110-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57111-9
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences